In short, in the year 1857, upwards of eighty years after Washington and his noble band declared—­and at the point of the sword won—­their independence, and after so many States have purified their shields from the negro’s blood, the highest tribunal in the Republic has decreed that the rights of the slave-owner extend to every inch of the Federal soil, and that by their Constitution the United States is a Slave Republic.

What will the end be?  A few short years have rolled past since the foregoing remarks were penned, and in that interval the question of Slavery has again made the Union tremble to its uttermost borders.  The cloud, not bigger than a man’s hand, was sped by President Pierce’s administration to the new State of Kansas, and ere long it burst in a deluge of ruffianism and blood; the halls of Congress were dishonoured by the violent assault which Mr. Brookes (a Southern senator) made upon Mr. Sumner of Massachusetts; the Press spread far and wide the ignominious fact, that the ladies of his State presented the assailant with a cane, inscribed “Hit him again!” the State itself endorsed his act by re-electing him unanimously; North and South are ranged in bitter hostility; in each large meetings have advocated a separation, in terms of rancour and enmity; and it is to be feared the Union does not possess a man of sufficient weight and character to spread oil over the troubled waters.

How will “Manifest Destiny” unfold itself, and what will the end be?—­The cup must fill first.

FOOTNOTES: 

[Footnote BY:  Many of my suggestions, the reader will observe, are drawn from the Cuba code.]

[Footnote BZ:  In Peru, the maximum of stripes the law permits to be inflicted is twelve; and girls above fourteen, married women, fathers of children, and old men, are exempt from the lash.]

[Footnote CA:  At the time of the discussion, the Nebraska territory included Nebraska and Kansas]

CHAPTER XXVII.

Constitution of United States.

The most important subject that claims the attention of the traveller in any country that pretends to education or civilization, is undoubtedly its Constitution.  The reader cannot expect—­and most probably would not wish—­to find, in a work like this, any elaborate account of the government of so vast and varied a republic as that of the United States.  Those who wish thoroughly to grasp so very extensive a topic must study the history of each individual State from its foundation; must watch the changes each has undergone, noting the effect produced; and must carefully pore over the writings of the great men who originally planned—­if I may so express myself—­the Republic, and must dive deep into the learned and valuable tomes of Story, Kent, &c.  Those who are content with more moderate information, will find a great deal, very ably condensed, in a volume by Mr. Tremenheere.  To the reader, I pretend to offer nothing but a glance at such elements as appear to me most useful and interesting; and in so doing, I shall freely borrow such quotations from Mr. Tremenheere’s references to Story and Kent as I conceive may help to elucidate my subject, not having those authors at hand to refer to.