4.  Johnson adopted a plan of his own and soon came into conflict with Congress.

5.  Congress began by refusing seats to congressmen from states reconstructed on Johnson’s plan.  It then passed, over Johnson’s veto, a series of bills to protect the freedmen and give them civil rights.

6.  Six states accepted the terms of reconstruction offered, and their senators and representatives were admitted to Congress (1868).

7.  Johnson, in 1866, traveled about the West abusing Congress.  For this, and chiefly for his disregard of the Tenure of Office Act, he was impeached by the House and tried and acquitted by the Senate.

* * * * *

RECONSTRUCTON.

Lincoln’s plan ...

States cannot secede; only some of their people were in insurrection. 
Amnesty proclamation. 
Recognizes Arkansas, Tennessee, and Louisiana. 
Thirteenth Amendment.

Johnson’s plan ...

Provisional governors. 
Ratify Thirteenth Amendment. 
New state constitutions made. 
Congressmen chosen.

Congressional plan ...

Congress refuses them seats. 
Civil Rights Bill. 
Freedmen’s Bureau Bill. 
Tenure of Office Act. 
Reconstruction Act. 
Fourteenth Amendment.

Johnson vs. Congress ...

Vetoes Civil Rights Bill. 
         Freedmen’s Bureau Bill.

Denounces Congress. 
Violates Tenure of Office Act. 
Impeached.

CHAPTER XXXI

THE NEW WEST (1860-1870)

%488.  Discovery of Gold near Pikes Peak.%—­In the summer of 1858 news reached the Missouri that gold had been found on the eastern slope of the Rockies, and at once a wild rush set in for the foot of Pikes Peak, in what was then Kansas.

[Illustration:  Crossing the plains]

During 1858 a party from the gold mines of Georgia pitched a camp on Cherry Creek and called the place Aurania.  Later, in the winter, they were joined by General Larimer with a party from Leavenworth, Kan., and by them the rude camp at Aurania was renamed Denver, in honor of the governor of Kansas.  In another six months emigrants came pouring in from every point along the frontier.  Some, providing themselves with great white-covered wagons, drawn by horses, oxen, or mules, joined forces for better protection against the Indians, and set out together, making long wagon trains or caravans.  All were accompanied by men fully armed.  Such as could not afford a “prairie schooner,” as the canvas-covered wagon was called, put their worldly goods into handcarts.

By 1859 Denver was a settlement of 1000 people.  They needed supplies, and, to meet this demand, the firm of Russell, Majors, and Waddell put a daily line of coaches on the road from Leavenworth to Denver.  This means of communication brought so many settlers that by 1860 Denver was a city of frame and brick houses, with two theaters, two newspapers, and a mint for coining gold.