that the two are related was only made with the view
of helping to explain the fundamentals of the Egyptian
religion by means of Sanskrit and other Aryan analogies.
It is quite possible that the word neter means
“strength,” “power,” and the
like, but these are only some of its derived meanings,
and we have to look in the hieroglyphic inscriptions
for help in order to determine its most probable meaning.
The eminent French Egyptologist, E. de Rouge, connected
the name of God, neter, with the other word
neter, “renewal” or “renovation,”
and it would, according to his view, seem as if the
fundamental idea of God was that of the Being who
had the power to renew himself perpetually—or
in other words, “self-existence.”
The late Dr. H. Brugsch partly accepted this view,
for he defined neter as being “the active
power which produces and creates things in regular
recurrence; which bestows new life upon them, and
gives back to them their youthful vigour.” [Footnote:
Religion und Mythologie, p. 93.] There seems
to be no doubt that, inasmuch as it is impossible
to find any one word which will render neter
adequately and satisfactorily, “self-existence”
and “possessing the power to renew life indefinitely,”
may together be taken as the equivalent of neter
in our own tongue, M. Maspero combats rightly the
attempt to make “strong” the meaning of
neter (masc.), or neterit (fem.) in
these words: “In the expressions ’a
town neterit ’an arm neteri,’
... is it certain that ‘a strong city,’
‘a strong arm,’ give us the primitive
sense of neter? When among ourselves one
says ’divine music,’ ‘a piece of
divine poetry,’ ‘the divine taste of a
peach,’ ’the divine beauty of a woman,’
[the word] divine is a hyperbole, but it would be
a mistake to declare that it originally meant ‘exquisite’
because in the phrases which I have imagined one could
apply it as ‘exquisite music,’ ‘a
piece of exquisite poetry,’ ’the exquisite
taste of a peach,’ ‘the exquisite beauty
of a woman.’ Similarly, in Egyptian, ’a
town neterit is ‘a divine town;’
‘an arm netsri’ is ’a divine
arm,’ and neteri is employed metaphorically
in Egyptian as is [the word] ‘divine’
in French, without its being any more necessary to
attribute to [the word] neteri the primitive
meaning of ‘strong,’ than it is to attribute
to [the word] ‘divine’ the primitive meaning
of ‘exquisite.’” [Footnote:
La Mythologie Egyptienne, p. 215.] It may be,
of course, that neter had another meaning which
is now lost, but it seems that the great difference
between God and his messengers and created things
is that he is the Being who is self-existent and immortal,
whilst they are not self-existent and are mortal.