The Doctor also spoke of the absurdity and wickedness of the caste of color which prevailed in the United States.  It was the offspring of slavery, and it must disappear when slavery is abolished.

CONVERSATION WITH A NEGRO.

We had a conversation one morning with a boatman, while he was rowing us across the harbor of St. John’s.  He was a young negro man.  Said he was a slave until emancipation.  We inquired whether he heard any thing about emancipation before it took place.  He said, yes—­the slaves heard of it, but it was talked about so long that many of them lost all believement in it, got tired waiting, and bought their freedom; but he had more patience, and got his for nothing.  We inquired of him, what the negroes did on the first of August, 1834.  He said they all went to church and chapel.  “Dare was more religious on dat day dan you could tire of.”  Speaking of the law, he said it was his friend.  If there was no law to take his part, a man, who was stronger than he, might step up and knock him down.  But now no one dare do so; all were afraid of the law,—­the law would never hurt any body who behaved well; but a master would slash a fellow, let him do his best.

VISIT TO NEWFIELD.

Drove out to Newfield, a Moravian station, about eight miles from St. John’s.  The Rev. Mr. Morrish, the missionary at that station, has under his charge two thousand people.  Connected with the station is a day school for children, and a night school for adults twice in each week.

We looked in upon the day school, and found one hundred and fifteen children.  The teacher and assistant were colored persons.  Mr. M. superintends.  He was just dismissing the school, by singing and prayer, and the children marched out to the music of one of their little songs.  During the afternoon, Mr. Favey, manager of a neighboring estate, (Lavicount’s,) called on us.

He spoke of the tranquillity of the late Christmas holidays.  They ended Tuesday evening, and his people were all in the field at work on Wednesday morning—­there were no stragglers.  Being asked to specify the chief advantages of the new system over slavery, he stated at once the following things:  1st.  It (free labor) is less expensive. 2d.  It costs a planter far less trouble to manage free laborers, than it did to manage slaves. 3d.  It had removed all danger of insurrection, conflagration, and conspiracies.

ADULT SCHOOL.

In the evening, Mr. Morrish’s adult school for women was held.  About thirty women assembled from different estates—­some walking several miles.  Most of them were just beginning to read.  They had just begun to learn something about figures, and it was no small effort to add 4 and 2 together.  They were incredibly ignorant about the simplest matters.  When they first came to the school, they could not tell which was their right arm or their right side,