[Footnote 460:  It is the same word as our fair.]

[Footnote 461:  Fasti, iii. 523 foll.; Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 51.]

[Footnote 462:  Roman Festivals, p. 185.  The custom doubtless had a religious origin.]

[Footnote 463:  Ib. p. 268.  Augustus limited the days to three.]

[Footnote 464:  Wissowa, Religion und Kultus, p. 170.  The cult of Saturn was largely affected by Greek usage, but this particular custom was more likely descended from the usage of the Latin farm.]

[Footnote 465:  See above, p. 172.  Marquardt, Privatleben, p. 586; Frazer, Golden Bough (ed. 2), vol. iii. p. 188 foll.]

[Footnote 466:  Cic. Verr.  I. 10. 31; where Cicero complains of the difficulties he experienced in conducting his case in consequence of the number of ludi from August to November in that year.]

[Footnote 467:  Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 217 foll.]

[Footnote 468:  See the account in Dion.  Hal. vii. 72, taken from Fabius Pictor.]

[Footnote 469:  See Friedlaender in Marquardt, Staatsverwaltung, iii. p. 508, note 3.]

[Footnote 470:  For full accounts of this procession, and the whole question of the Ludi Romani, see Friedlaender, l.c.; Wissowa, Religion und Kultus, p. 383 foll.; or the article “Triumphus” in the Dict. of Antiquities, ed. 2.  All accounts owe much to Mommsen’s essay in Roemische Forschungen, ii. p. 42 foll.]

[Footnote 471:  On the parallelism between the Ludi Plebeii and Romani see Mommsen, Staatsrecht, ii. p. 508, note 4.]

[Footnote 472:  Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 179 foll.]

[Footnote 473:  Ib. p. 69.]

[Footnote 474:  Ib. p. 72 foll.]

[Footnote 475:  Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 91 foll.]

[Footnote 476:  Livy xxii. 10.7; Dionys. vii. 71.]

[Footnote 477:  Pliny, N.S. xxxiii. 138.  The same thing happened once or twice under Augustus.]

[Footnote 478:  Livy xl. 44.]

[Footnote 479:  ii. 16, 57 foll.]

[Footnote 480:  We have some details of the ridiculously lavish expenditure of this aedile in Pliny, N.H. xxxvi. 114.  He built a temporary theatre, which was decorated as though it were to be a permanent monument of magnificence.]

[Footnote 481:  Verr. v. 14. 36.]

[Footnote 482:  Plut.  Caes. 5.]

[Footnote 483:  Cio. ad Fam. viii. 9.]

[Footnote 484:  ad Att. vi.  I. 21.]

[Footnote 485:  There is no evidence that slaves were admitted under the Republic.  Columella, who wrote under Nero, is the first to mention their presence at the games (R.R. i. 8. 2), unless we consider the vilicus of Horace, Epist. i. 14. 15, as a slave.  See Friedlaender in Marq. p. 491, note 4.]

[Footnote 486:  See above, p. 13; Fowler, Roman Festivals, p. 208.]