of which secondary class Spenser and Southey may be
mentioned as eminent instances. To neither of
these does Mr. Coleridge belong; in his “Christabel,”
there certainly are several distinct pictures
of great beauty; but he, as a poet, clearly comes within
the other division which answers to music and the
musician, in which you have a magnificent mirage of
words with the subjective associations of the poet
curling, and twisting, and creeping round, and through,
and above every part of it. This is the class
to which Milton belongs, in whose poems we have heard
Mr. Coleridge say that he remembered but two proper
pictures—Adam bending over the sleeping
Eve at the beginning of the fifth book of the “Paradise
Lost,” and Delilah approaching Samson towards
the end of the “Agonistes.” But when
we point out the intense personal feeling, the self-projection,
as it were, which characterizes Mr. Coleridge’s
poems, we mean that such feeling is the soul and spirit,
not the whole body and form, of his poetry. For
surely no one has ever more earnestly and constantly
borne in mind the maxim of Milton, that poetry ought
to be simple, sensuous, and impassioned.
The poems in these volumes are no authority for that
dreamy, half-swooning style of verse which was criticized
by Lord Byron (in language too strong for print) as
the fatal sin of Mr. John Keats, and which, unless
abjured betimes, must prove fatal to several younger
aspirants—male and female— who
for the moment enjoy some popularity. The poetry
before us is distinct and clear, and accurate in its
imagery; but the imagery is rarely or never exhibited
for description’s sake alone; it is rarely or
never exclusively objective; that is to say, put forward
as a spectacle, a picture on which the mind’s
eye is to rest and terminate. You may if your
sight is short, or your imagination cold, regard the
imagery in itself and go no farther; but the poet’s
intention is that you should feel and imagine a great
deal more than you see. His aim is to awaken in
the reader the same mood of mind, the same cast of
imagination and fancy whence issued the associations
which animate and enlighten his pictures. You
must think with him, must sympathize with him, must
suffer yourself to be lifted out of your own school
of opinion or faith, and fall back upon your own consciousness,
an unsophisticated man. If you decline this,
non tibi spirat. From his earliest youth
to this day, Mr. Coleridge’s poetry has been
a faithful mirror reflecting the images of his mind.
Hence he is so original, so individual. With a
little trouble, the zealous reader of the “Biographia
Literaria” may trace in these volumes the whole
course of mental struggle and self-evolvement narrated
in that odd but interesting work; but he will see the
track marked in light; the notions become images,
the images glorified, and not unfrequently the abstruse
position stamped clearer by the poet than by the psychologist.
No student of Coleridge’s philosophy can fully
understand it without a perusal of the illumining,
and if we may so say, popularizing commentary
of his poetry. It is the Greek put into the vulgar
tongue. And we must say, it is somewhat strange
to hear any one condemn those philosophical principles
as altogether unintelligible, which are inextricably
interwoven in every page of a volume of poetry which
he professes to admire....