He forfeited profitable office and sure preferment under the crown, for hard work, uncertain pay, and certain peril in behalf of the colonies.  He followed the inexorable logic, step by step, which led him from the natural rights of his countrymen to their liberty, from their liberty to their independence.  He endured with a grim humor the revilings of those whom he called “malevolent critics and bug-writers.”  He broke with his old and dear associates in England, writing to one of them,

    “You and I were long friends; you are now my enemy and I am Yours,
    B. Franklin.”

He never flinched or faltered at any sacrifice of personal ease or interest to the demands of his country.  His patient, skilful, laborious efforts in France did as much for the final victory of the American cause as any soldier’s sword.  He yielded his own opinions in regard to the method of making the treaty of peace with England, and thereby imperilled for a time his own prestige.  He served as president of Pennsylvania three times, devoting all his salary to public benefactions.  His influence in the Constitutional Convention was steadfast on the side of union and harmony, though in many things he differed from the prevailing party.  His voice was among those who hailed Washington as the only possible candidate for the Presidency.  His last public act was a petition to Congress for the abolition of slavery.  At his death the government had not yet settled his accounts in its service, and his country was left apparently his debtor; which, in a sense still larger and deeper, she must remain as long as liberty endures and union triumphs in the Republic.

Is not this, after all, the root of the whole matter?  Is not this the thing that is vitally and essentially true of all those great men, clustering about Washington, whose fame we honor and revere with his?  They all left the community, the commonwealth, the race, in debt to them.  This was their purpose and the ever-favorite object of their hearts.  They were deliberate and joyful creditors.  Renouncing the maxim of worldly wisdom which bids men “get all you can and keep all you get,” they resolved rather to give all they had to advance the common cause, to use every benefit conferred upon them in the service of the general welfare, to bestow upon the world more than they received from it, and to leave a fair and unblotted account of business done with life which should show a clear balance in their favor.

Thus, in brief outline, and in words which seem poor and inadequate, I have ventured to interpret anew the story of Washington and the men who stood with him:  not as a stirring ballad of battle and danger, in which the knights ride valiantly, and are renowned for their mighty strokes at the enemy in arms; not as a philosophic epic, in which the development of a great national idea is displayed, and the struggle of opposing policies is traced to its conclusion; but as a drama of the eternal conflict in the soul of man between self-interest in its Protean forms, and loyalty to the right, service to a cause, allegiance to an ideal.