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EDWARD BULWER LYTTON

Eugene Aram

Novelist, poet, essayist, and politician, Edward Bulwer Lytton was born in London on May 25, 1805.  His father was General Earle Bulwer.  He assumed his mother’s family name on her death in 1843, and was elevated to the peerage as Baron Lytton in 1866.  At seventeen Lytton published a volume entitled, “Ismael, and Other Poems.”  An unhappy marriage in 1827 was followed by extraordinary literary activity, and during the next ten years he produced twelve novels, two poems, a play, “England and the English,” and “Athens:  Its Rise and Fall,” besides an enormous number of shorter stories, essays, and articles for contemporary periodicals.  Altogether his output is represented by nearly sixty volumes.  Few books on their publication have created a greater furore than Lord Lytton’s “Eugene Aram,” which was published in 1832.  One section of the novel-reading public hailed its moving, dramatic story with manifest delight, while the other severely condemned it on the plea of its false morality.  The story takes its title from that remarkable scholar and criminal, Eugene Aram, at one time a tutor in the Lytton family, who was executed at York in 1759, for a murder committed fourteen years before.  The crime caused much consternation at the time, Aram’s refined and mild disposition being apparently in direct contradiction to his real nature.  The novel is an unusually successful, though perhaps one-sided psychological study.  In a revised edition Lytton made the narrative agree with his own conclusion that, though an accomplice in robbery, Aram was not guilty of premeditated or actual murder.  Edward Bulwer Lytton died on January 18, 1873.

I.—­At the Sign of the Spotted Dog

In the county of ——­ was a sequestered hamlet, to which I shall give the name of Grassdale.  It lay in a fruitful valley between gentle and fertile hills.  Its single hostelry, the Spotted Dog, was owned by one Peter Dealtry, a small farmer, who was also clerk of the parish.  On summer evenings Peter was frequently to be seen outside his inn discussing psalmody and other matters with Jacob Bunting, late a corporal in his majesty’s army, a man who prided himself on his knowledge of the world, and found Peter’s too easy fund of merriment occasionally irritating.

On one such evening their discussion was interrupted by an unprepossessing and travel-stained stranger, who, when his wants, none too amiably expressed, had been attended to, exhibited a marked curiosity concerning the people of the locality.  As the stranger paid for his welcome with a liberal hand, Peter became more than usually communicative.

He described the lord of the manor, a distinguished nobleman who lived at the castle some six miles away.  He talked of the squire and his household.  “But,” he continued, “the most noticeable man is a great scholar.  There, yonder,” said he, “you may just catch a glimpse of the tall what-d’ye-call-it he has built on the top of his house that he may get nearer to the stars.”