Lincoln:  You thought then it was not the time to issue it.  I agreed.  I think the moment has come.  May I read it to you again?  “It is proclaimed that on the first day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any state, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.”  That allows three months from to-day.  There are clauses dealing with compensation in a separate draft.

Hook:  I must oppose the issue of such a proclamation at this moment in the most unqualified terms.  This question should be left until our victory is complete.  To thrust it forward now would be to invite dissension when we most need unity.

Welles:  I do not quite understand, Mr. President, why you think this the precise moment.

Lincoln:  Believe me, gentlemen, I have considered this matter with all the earnestness and understanding of which I am capable.

Hook:  But when the “New York Tribune” urged you to come forward with a clear declaration six months ago, you rebuked them.

Lincoln:  Because I thought the occasion not the right one.  It was useless to issue a proclamation that might be as inoperative as the Pope’s bull against the comet.  My duty, it has seemed to me, has been to be loyal to a principle, and not to betray it by expressing it in action at the wrong time.  That is what I conceive statesmanship to be.  For long now I have had two fixed resolves.  To preserve the Union, and to abolish slavery.  How to preserve the Union I was always clear, and more than two years of bitterness have not dulled my vision.  We have fought for the Union, and we are now winning for the Union.  When and how to proclaim abolition I have all this time been uncertain.  I am uncertain no longer.  A few weeks ago I saw that, too, clearly.  So soon, I said to myself, as the rebel army shall be driven out of Maryland, and it becomes plain to the world that victory is assured to us in the end, the time will have come to announce that with that victory and a vindicated Union will come abolition.  I made the promise to myself—­and to my Maker.  The rebel army is now driven out, and I am going to fulfil that promise.  I do not wish your advice about the main matter, for that I have determined for myself.  This I say without intending anything but respect for any one of you.  But I beg you to stand with me in this thing.

Hook:  In my opinion, it’s altogether too impetuous.

Lincoln:  One other observation I will make.  I know very well that others might in this matter, as in others, do better than I can, and if I was satisfied that the public confidence was more fully possessed by any one of them than by me, and knew of any constitutional way in which he could be put in my place, he should have it.  I would gladly yield it to him.  But, though I cannot claim undivided confidence, I do not know that, all things considered, any other person has more; and, however this may be, there is no way in which I can have any other man put where I am.  I am here; I must do the best I can, and bear the responsibility of taking the course which I feel I ought to take.