CHAPTER XLI.

Death of Mr. Monroe—­Affair of the massacre of the Menomonies by the Foxes—­Descent to Galena—­Trip in the lead mine country to Fort Winnebago—­Gratiot’s Grove—­Sac and Fox disturbances—­Black Hawk—­Irish Diggings—­Willow Springs—­Vanmater’s lead—­An escape from falling into a pit—­Mineral Point—­Ansley’s copper mine—­Gen. Dodge’s—­Mr. Brigham’s—­Sugar Creek—­Four Lakes—­Seven Mile Prairie—­A night in the woods—­Reach Port Winnebago—­Return to the Sault—­Political changes in the cabinet—­Gov.  Cass called to Washington—­Religious changes—­G.B.  Porter appointed Governor—­Natural history—­Character of the new governor—­Arrival of the Rev. Jeremiah Porter—­Organization of a church.

CHAPTER XLII.

Revival of St. Mary’s—­Rejection of Mr. Van Buren as Minister to England—­Botany and Natural History of the North-west—­Project of a new expedition to find the Sources of the Mississippi—­Algic Society—­Consolidation of the Agencies of St. Mary’s and Michilimackinack—­Good effects of the American Home Missionary Society—­Organization of a new inland exploring expedition committed to me—­Its objects and composition of the corps of observers.

CHAPTER XLIII.

Expedition to, and discovery of, Itasca Lake, the source of the Mississippi River—­Brief notice of the journey to the point of former geographical discovery in the basin of Upper Red Cedar, or Cass Lake—­Ascent and portage to Queen Anne’s Lake—­Lake Pemetascodiac—­The Ten, or Metoswa Rapids—­Pemidgegomag, or Cross-water Lake—­Lake Irving—­Lake Marquette—­Lake La Salle—­Lake Plantagenet—­Ascent of the Plantagenian Pork—­Naiwa, or Copper-snake River—­Agate Rapids and portage—­Assawa Lake—­Portage over the Hauteur des Terres—­Itasca Lake—­Its picturesque character—­Geographical and astronomical position—­Historical data.

CHAPTER XLIV.

Descent of the Mississippi River, from Itasca Lake to Cass Lake—­Traits of its bank—­Kabika Falls—­Upsetting of a canoe—­River descends by steps, and through narrow rocky passes—­Portage to the source of the Crow-Wing River—­Moss Lake—­Shiba Lake—­Leech Lake—­Warpool Lake—­Long Lake Mountain portage—­Kaginogomanug—­Vermilion Lake—­Ossawa Lake—­Shell River—­Leaf River—­Long Prairie River—­Kioskk, or Gull River—­Arrival at its mouth—­Descent to the Falls of St. Anthony, and St. Peter’s—­Return to St. Mary’s.

CHAPTER XLV.

Letter from a mother—­Cholera—­Indian war—­Royal Geographical Society—­Determine to leave the Sault—­Death of Miss Cass—­Death of Rev. Mr. Richard—­Notice of the establishment of a Methodist Mission at the Sault—­The Sault a religions place—­Botany and Natural History—­New York University organized—­Algic Society—­Canadian boat song—­Chaplains in the army—­Letter from a missionary—­Affairs at Mackinack—­Hazards of lake commerce—­Question of the temperance reform—­Dr. D. Houghton—­South Carolina resists—­Gen. Jackson re-elected President.