“Reports from various quarters of the Indian country,” says the Secretary of War, in a private letter so early as March 28th, “lead to the belief that the Indians are in an unsettled state, and prudence requires that we should advise and restrain them.  I think one more tour would be very useful in this respect, and would complete our knowledge of the geography of that region.”

“There is a prospect,” says the official instructions (May 3d), “of extensive hostilities among themselves.  It is no less the dictate of humanity than of policy to repress this feeling, and to establish permanent peace among the tribe.

“It is also important to inspect the condition of the trade, and the conduct of the traders.  To ascertain whether the regulations and the laws are complied with, and to suggest such alterations as may be required.  And, finally, to inquire into the number, standing, disposition, and prospect of the Indians, and to report all the statistical facts you can procure, and which will be useful to the government in its operations, or to the community in the investigation of these subjects.”

Congress, during the session, passed an act for vaccinating the Indians.  This constituted a separate duty, and enabled me to take along a physician and surgeon.  I offered the situation to Dr. Douglass Houghton, of Fredonia, who, in the discharge of it, was prepared to take cognizance of the subjects of botany, geology, and mineralogy.  I offered to the American Board of Missions, at Boston, to take a missionary agent, to observe the condition and prospects of the Indian tribes in the north-west, as presenting a field for their operations, and named the Rev. W.T.  Boutwell, then at Michilimackinack, for the post, which the Board confirmed, with a formal vote of thanks.  Lieut.  James Allen, 5th U.S.  Infantry, who was assigned to the command of the detachment of troops, assumed the duties of topographer and draughtsman.  Mr. George Johnston, of St. Mary’s, was appointed interpreter and baggage-master.  I retained myself the topics of Indian history, archaeology, and language.  The party numbered about thirty souls.  All this appeared strictly compatible with the practical objects to be attained—­keeping the expenses within the sum appropriated for the object.

Some few weeks were required completely to organize the expedition, to prepare the necessary supplies, and to permit the several persons to reach the place of rendezvous.  Meantime I visited Michilimackinack to receive the agency from Col.  Boyd; after which it was left temporarily in charge of a sub-agent and interpreter, with the supervision of the commanding officer of Fort Mackinack.

4th.  The Secretary of War writes a private letter:  “We have allowed all it was possible, and you must on no account exceed the sum, as the pressure upon our funds is very great.”

Maj.  W. writes from Detroit (May 7th):  “I am glad to hear that you are about going on another expedition, and that Mr. Houghton is to accompany you.  I hope you will find time to send us some specimens collected on your former tour before you start.”