you sell so many barrels of flour, at such a price,
on time, as it is called,—that is,
you engage to receive, or to deliver, so many barrels,
at the prices and in the times agreed upon, in the
hope, that, before the period of your contract comes
round, prices will have so varied as to enable you
to buy, or sell, the quantity bargained for, upon
terms that will give you a profit. In a word,
you simply agree to run the risk of a change
of prices such as to give you a profitable return.
The operation is identical with that of betting that
such a card will be turned, or that such a horse will
win in a race, or such a candidate be elected President.
On ’Change we are charitable enough to suppose
each speculator possessed of data such as to
make his venture seem reasonable to himself.
This is the system, and, though very like gambling,
it has the advantage of presenting to men of small
means the chance of large profits, provided they are
willing to run the risk; since, while with a capital
of ten thousand dollars I could make an actual
purchase of only two thousand barrels of flour at five
dollars a barrel, the profit on which, at an advance
of twenty-five cents per barrel, would be very small,—by
risking all my money upon a single venture,
and leaving myself a ‘margin’ of fifty
cents to cover the greatest probable decline in price
per barrel, I may purchase ‘on time’ all
of twenty thousand barrels, the profit upon which,
at the same rate, would be equal to fifty per cent
of my entire capital. This is the legitimate
system by which such rapid fortunes are made and lost
upon ’Change. Now suppose, that, operating
in this way, you are in possession of a secret means
of intelligence, instantaneous, to be relied on, peculiar
to yourself,—does not Monsieur perceive
that it insures one a fortune incalculable, and to
be made within the shortest time? If I to-day
learn that to-morrow’s steamer will bring news
that cotton has advanced one cent a pound, of course
I am justified in buying cotton to the utmost extent
that my capital and credit will afford me means, being
sure of selling it to-morrow at a higher price; and
if I am continually in the receipt of similar information,
I can turn my capital over fifty times in a year,
and double it every time. There is actually no
limit to the possible fortune of a man who is
so favored, provided he conjoins prudence and boldness
to his manner of transacting business. The supplying
of such secret and unshared information to the firm
of John Meavy & Co. was the end of my invention, Monsieur.
I was to go to Liverpool, and act as signaller, while
he was to stay in New York, receive the information,
and buy or sell in accordance with it.