The entire conduct of the civilization of the Philippines as well as local authorities are in the hands of the Philipinos themselves.  They also had charge of the public offices of the government during the last century.

There is a medical school and a school for mid-wives.

“All the young people and especially the boys, belonging to well-to-do families residing in the other islands go to Manila to study the arts and learn a profession.  Among the natives to be ignorant and uneducated, is a shameful condition of degradation.”

“The sons of the rich families began to go to Spain in 1854” to be educated.

[Illustration:  FELIPE AGONCILLO Emissary of the Filipinos to the United States.]

When the Spaniards first went to the islands “they found the Philipinos enlightened and advanced in civilization.”  “They had foundries for casting iron and brass, for making guns and powder.  They had their special writing with two alphabets, and used paper imported from China and Japan.”  This was in the early part of the sixteenth century.  The Spanish government took the part of the natives against the imposition of exhorbitant taxes, and the tortures of the inquisition by the early settlers.

The highest civilization exists in the island of Luzon but in some of the remote islands the people are not more than “enlightened.”  The population embraced in Anguinaldo’s dominion is 10,000,000, scattered over a territory in area approaching 200,000 square miles.  The Americans up to this time have conquered only about 143 square miles of this territory.

What takes place in the South concerning the treatment of Negroes is known in the Philippines.  The Philipino government on the 27th of February, 1899, issued from Hong Kong the following decree warning the Philipino people as follows: 

“Manila has witnessed the most horrible outrages, the confiscation of the properties and savings of the people at the point of the bayonet, the shooting of the defenseless, accompanied by odious acts of abomination repugnant barbarism and social hatred, worse than the doings in the Carolinas.”

They are told of America’s treatment of the black population, and are made to feel that it is better to die fighting than become subject to a nation where, as they are made to believe, the colored man is lynched and burned alive indiscriminately.  The outrages in this country is giving America a bad name among the savage people of the world, and they seem to prefer savagery to American civilization, such as is meted out to her dark-skinned people.

CHAPTER X.

RESUME.