totally misapprehended the reason why the Congress
had met together, and what were its objects and character.
The Greek representatives, evidently, had not in any
way relinquished what they call their great idea—and
your Lordships well know that it is one that has no
limit which does not reach as far as Constantinople.
But they did mention at the Congress, as a practical
people, and feeling that they had no chance of obtaining
at that moment all they desired—that they
were willing to accept as an instalment the two large
provinces of Epirus and Thessaly, and the island of
Crete. It was quite evident to the Congress,
that the representatives of Greece utterly misunderstood
the objects of our labours—that we were
not there to partition Turkey, and give them their
share of Turkey, but for a very contrary purpose—as
far as we could to re-establish the dominion of the
Sultan on a rational basis, to condense and concentrate
his authority, and to take the opportunity—of
which we have largely availed ourselves—of
improving the condition of his subjects. I trust,
therefore, when I have pointed out to your Lordships
this cardinal error in the views of Greece, that your
Lordships will feel that the charge made against the
Congress has no substantial foundation. But the
interests of Greece were not neglected, and least
of all by Her Majesty’s Government. Before
the Congress of Berlin, believing that there was an
opportunity of which considerable advantage might
be made for Greece without deviating into partition,
we applied to the Porte to consider the long-vexed
question of the boundaries of the two States.
The boundaries of Greece have always been inadequate
and inconvenient; they are so formed as to offer a
premium to brigandage—which is the curse
of both countries, and has led to misunderstanding
and violent intercourse between the inhabitants of
both. Now, when some redistribution—and
a considerable redistribution—of territories
was about to take place—now, we thought,
was the opportunity for Greece to urge her claim;
and that claim we were ready to support, and to reconcile
the Porte to viewing it in a large and liberal manner.
And I am bound to say that the manner in which our
overtures were received by the Porte was encouraging,
and more than encouraging. For a long period Her
Majesty’s Government have urged upon both countries,
and especially upon Greece, the advantage of a good
understanding between them. We urged that it
was only by union between Turks and Greeks that any
reaction could be obtained against that overpowering
Slav interest which was then exercising such power
in the Peninsula, and which had led to this fatal
and disastrous war. More than this, on more than
one occasion—I may say, on many occasions—we
have been the means of preventing serious misunderstandings
between Turkey and Greece, and on every occasion we
have received from both States an acknowledgement of
our good offices. We were, therefore, in a position