Again, Sir, during the last few months there is scarcely a form of diplomatic interference which has not been suggested or adopted by the English Government—­except a Congress.  Conferences at Vienna, at Paris, at London, all have been proposed; protocols, joint declarations, sole mediation, joint mediation, identic notes, sole notes, united notes—­everything has been tried.  Couriers from the Queen have been scouring Europe with the exuberant fertility of abortive projects.  After the termination of the most important Conference, held in the capital of the Queen, over which the chief Minister of Her Majesty’s foreign relations presided, and which was attended with all the pomp and ceremony requisite for so great an occasion, we find that its sittings have been perfectly barren; and the chief Ministers of the Cabinet closed the proceedings by quitting the scene of their exertions and appearing in the two Houses of Parliament to tell the country that they have no allies, and that, as they have no allies, they can do nothing.  Pardon me, I must not omit to do justice to the exulting boast of the Secretary of State, who, in the midst of discomfiture, finds solace in the sympathy and politeness of the neutral Powers.  I do not grudge Lord Russell the sighs of Russia or the smiles of France; but I regret that, with characteristic discretion, he should have quitted the battle of the Conference only to take his seat in the House of Lords to denounce the perfidy of Prussia, and to mourn over Austrian fickleness.  There wanted but one touch to complete the picture, and it was supplied by the noble lord, the First Minister.

Sir, I listened with astonishment—­I listened with astonishment as the noble lord condemned the vices of his victim, and inveighed at the last moment against the obstinacy of unhappy Denmark.  Denmark would not submit to arbitration.  But on what conditions did the German Powers accept it?  And what security had Denmark?  That if in the Conference she could not obtain an assurance that the neutral Powers would support her by force on the line of the Schlei—­what security, I say, had she that any other line would be maintained—­an unknown line by an unknown arbiter?  Sir, it does appear to me impossible to deny, under these circumstances, that the just influence of England in the councils of Europe is lowered.  And now, I ask, what are the consequences of the just influence of England in the councils of Europe being lowered?  The consequences are—­to use a familiar phrase in the dispatches—­’most serious’, because in exact proportion as that influence is lowered the securities for peace are diminished.  I lay this down as a great principle, which cannot be controverted, in the management of our foreign affairs.  If England is resolved upon a particular policy, war is not probable.  If there is, under these circumstances, a cordial alliance between England and France, war is most difficult; but if there is a thorough understanding between England, France, and Russia, war is impossible.