in the principles of the people would take place? or that Ministers of the new King would renounce them?  What security have we, that a change of principles will take place in the restored monarch, and that he will not act upon the principles cherished by his ancestors?  But if this security is effected by maiming France, does the right honourable gentleman think that the people of France would submit to it?  Does he not know that even the emigrants have that partiality for the grandeur of their country, that even they cannot restrain their joy at republican victories?  But with regard to the practicability of the course to be pursued, the right honourable gentleman says, he is looking forward to a time when there shall be no dread of Jacobin principles.  I ask whether he does not think, from the fraud, oppression, tyranny, and cruelty with which the conduct of France has marked them, that they are not now nearly dead, extinct, and detested?  But who are the Jacobins?  Is there a man in this country who has at any time opposed Ministers, who has resisted the waste of public money and the prostitution of honours, that has not been branded with the name?  The Whig Club are Jacobins.  Of this there can be no doubt, for a right honourable gentleman [Mr. Windham] on that account struck his name off the list.  The Friends of the People are Jacobins.  I am one of the Friends of the People, and consequently am a Jacobin.  The honourable gentleman pledged himself never to treat with Jacobin France until we had

  Toto certatum est corpore regni.

Now he did treat with France at Lisle and Paris, but perhaps there were not Jacobins in France at either of these times.  You, then, the Friends of the People, are the Jacobins.  I do think, Sir, Jacobin principles never existed much in this country; and even admitting they had, I say they have been found so hostile to true liberty, that in proportion as we love it, and whatever may be said, I must still consider liberty an inestimable blessing, we must hate and detest these principles.  But more, I do not think they even exist in France; they have there died the best of deaths, a death I am more pleased to see than if it had been effected by a foreign force; they have stung themselves to death, and died by their own poison.  But the honourable gentleman, arguing from experience of human nature, tells us that Jacobin principles are such, that the mind that is once infected with them, no quarantine, no cure can cleanse.  Now if this be the case, and that there are, according to Mr. Burke’s statement, eighty thousand incorrigible Jacobins in England, we are in a melancholy situation.  The right honourable gentleman must continue the war while one of the present generation remains, and consequently we cannot for that period expect those rights to be restored to us, to the suspension and restrictions of which the honourable gentleman attributes the suppression of these principles.  A pretty consolation this,