England should have organized the charter.  Sir Charles Stuart was not only the plenipotentiary of England to Brazil, but was also employed in a similar capacity in adjusting certain differences between Brazil and Portugal; and, having discharged his duties as a British subject, he had remained at Rio de Janeiro in the latter character.  Sir Charles did not act by the advice of the British Government, but was the mere bearer of the charter; and Mr. Canning, fearing that his residence at Lisbon might create an impression that this country was responsible for the charter, sent a circular to every court in Europe, disclaiming on the part of the British Government, any part in, or even knowledge of, the transaction; and he moreover ordered Sir Charles Stuart forthwith to leave Lisbon, lest his presence should be misconstrued into a countenancing of Don Pedro’s constitution.  The right hon. gentleman had inferred that England had contracted to support the constitutional charter.  Now it so happened that all delusion upon that point had been effectually prevented by the language of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, who declared in Parliament that he had declined advising the King to interfere in the affairs of Portugal.  Nothing could be more explicit than the declaration of Mr. Canning.  As the subject was important, he trusted the House would allow him to refer to the words of Mr. Canning.  On December 12, 1826, in the celebrated speech which he delivered on bringing down the King’s message respecting the affairs of Portugal, Mr. Canning expressed himself as follows:  ’It has been surmised that this measure (the grant of a constitutional charter to Portugal), as well as the abdication with which it was accompanied, was the offspring of our advice.  No such thing.  Great Britain did not suggest this measure.  It is not her duty, nor her practice, to offer suggestions for the internal regulation of foreign states.  She neither approved nor disapproved of the grant of a constitutional charter to Portugal; her opinion upon that grant was never required.  True it is that the instrument of the constitutional charter was brought to Europe by a gentleman of high trust in the service of the British Government.  Sir Charles Stuart had gone to Brazil to negotiate the separation between that country and Portugal.  In addition to his character of plenipotentiary of Great Britain as the mediating Power, he had also been invested by the King of Portugal with the character of His Most Faithful Majesty’s plenipotentiary for the negotiation with Brazil.  That negotiation had been brought to a happy conclusion; and therewith the British part of Sir C. Stuart’s commission had terminated.  But Sir C. Stuart was still resident at Rio de Janeiro as the plenipotentiary of the King of Portugal, for negotiating commercial arrangements between Portugal and Brazil.  In this latter character it was that Sir C. Stuart, on his return to Europe, was requested by the Emperor of Brazil to be the bearer