it would take nearly double the number of bricks were
they so placed.[A] If it be not paved, the ground
will be soft, and the children will make themselves
dirty. It should be so managed that the water
may be carried off, for, if there are any puddles,
the children will get into them. Some persons
have recommended a few cart-loads of good iron-mould
gravel, there being a sort which will bind almost like
a rock, if well rolled; but the children are liable
to dig holes if it is only gravel. If this is
noticed in time it may be prevented; but if they are
suffered to proceed, and no notice be taken of it,
it will be very difficult to prevent them from continuing
the practice. If money can be saved by any plan,
perhaps it is as well to notice it; but after having
weighed the advantages and disadvantages of gravelling,
I am of opinion, that bricks are preferable. I
should also recommend that fruit-trees be planted
in the centre of the play-ground, and likewise round
the walls; which will delight the children, and teach
them to respect private property. If any person
doubts the propriety of this plan, I can only say
we leave many play-grounds thus ornamented: and
instead of proving a temptation to the children, it
has so far become the means of confirming principles
of honesty in them, that they never touch a single
flower or even a leaf in the garden. There should
also be a border of flowers round the play-ground,
of such sorts as will yield the most fragrance, which
will tend to counteract any disagreeable smell that
may proceed from the children, and thereby be conducive
to their health, as well as to that of those who have
the charge of them. They will, besides, afford
the teacher an opportunity of giving the children many
useful lessons; for the more he teaches by things,
and the less he teaches by signs, the better.
These things need be no expense to the establishment,
except the purchase in the first instance, for they
will afford an agreeable occupation for the master
before and after school-hours, prepare him in some
measure for the duties of the day, and afford him
an ample opportunity of instilling a variety of ideas
into the minds of the children, and of tracing every
thing up to the Great First Cause. I have witnessed
the good effects of these things, which makes me desirous
of humbly but earnestly recommending them to others.
[Footnote A: In Lancashire, and other places
where flagging is cheap, it has been found decidedly
better than any other plan alluded to above, the children
will not hurt themselves more by falling on flags
than they would on bricks or pebbles.]
With regard to the expense: if 200 children pay
two-pence each per week[A], which is now the usual
charge, the annual receipts will be, deducting four
weeks for holidays, about L80, and if the deficiency
be made up by subscriptions and donations from the
friends of the system, it may be easily adopted, and
all its advantages secured. A village school
might be furnished for half the money, and supported
at less than half the expense. I QUESTION WHETHER
IT DOES NOT COST THE COUNTRY AS MUCH FOR EVERY INDIVIDUAL
THAT IS TRANSPORTED OUT OF IT, AS WOULD SUPPORT THREE
INFANT SCHOOLS ANNUALLY, and secure good pay to the
teachers, with 200 infants in each school.