by means of frontal infantry attacks, combined with occasional raids of Cossacks, which were always repulsed.  Finally the Russian infantry succeeded in establishing a number of trenches, the one opposite us not more than five hundred yards away.  It was the first time we had come in close touch with the Russians, almost within hailing distance, and with the aid of our field glasses we could occasionally even get a glimpse of their faces and recognize their features.  We stayed four days opposite each other, neither side gaining a foot of ground.

It was there and then that I made a curious observation.  After the second day we had almost grown to know each other.  The Russians would laughingly call over to us, and the Austrians would answer.  The salient feature of these three days’ fighting was the extraordinary lack of hatred.  In fact, it is astonishing how little actual hatred exists between fighting men.  One fights fiercely and passionately, mass against mass, but as soon as the mass crystallizes itself into human individuals whose features one actually can recognize, hatred almost ceases.  Of course, fighting continues, but somehow it loses its fierceness and takes more the form of a sport, each side being eager to get the best of the other.  One still shoots at his opponent, but almost regrets when he sees him drop.

By the morning of the third day we knew nearly every member of the opposing trench, the favorite of my men being a giant red-bearded Russian whose constant pastime consisted in jumping like a Jack-in-the-box from the trench, crying over to us as he did so.  He was frequently shot at, but never hit.  Then he grew bolder, showing himself longer and longer, until finally he jumped out of the trench altogether, shouting to us wildly and waving his cap.  His good-humored jollity and bravado appealed to our boys and none of them attempted to shoot at him while he presented such a splendid target.  Finally one of our men, who did not want to be second in bravery, jumped out of the trench and presented himself in the full sunlight.  Not one attempt was made to shoot at him either, and these two men began to gesticulate at each other, inviting each other to come nearer.  All fighting had suddenly ceased, and both opposing parties were looking on, laughing like boys at play.  Finally the Russian would draw a step nearer, and our man boldly advanced too.  Then the Russians urged on their man with shouts and laughter, and he made a big leap forward, standing still, whereupon the Austrian also jumped forward, and so, step by step, they approached until they nearly touched each other.  They had left their rifles behind, and we thought that they were going to indulge in a fist fight, all of us being sorry for our champion, for he was a small and insignificant-looking man who looked as if he could be crushed with one blow by his gigantic opponent.  But lo, and behold!  The big Russian held out his hand which held a package of tobacco and our Austrian, seizing the tobacco, grasped the hand of the Russian, and then reaching in his pocket produced a long Austrian cigar, which he ceremoniously presented to the Russian.  It was indeed a funny sight to see the small, wiry, lean Austrian talking in exaggerated terms of politeness to the blond Russian giant, who listened gravely and attentively, as if he understood every word.