in the first place at least perhaps probability, that the writer is quoting from some apocryphal work no longer extant.  It may be interesting to give one or two short examples of the completeness with which the process of welding has been carried out.  Thus in c. xvii, the following reply is put into the mouth of Moses when he receives his commission at the burning bush, [Greek:  tis eimi ego hoti me pempeis; ego de eimi ischnophonos kai braduglossos.] The text of Exod. iii. 11 is [Greek:  tis eimi ego, oti poreusomai;] the rest of the quotation is taken from Exod. iv. 10.  In c. xxxiv Clement introduces ’the Scripture’ as saying, [Greek:  Muriai muriades pareistaekeisan auto kai chiliai chiliades eleitourgoun auto kai ekekragon agios, agios, agios, Kurios Sabaoth, plaeraes pasa hae ktisis taes doxaes autou.] The first part of this quotation comes from Dan. vii. 10; the second, from [Greek:  kai ekekragon], which is part of the quotation, from Is. vi. 3.  These examples have been taken almost at random; the others are blended quite as thoroughly.

Some of the cases of combination and some of the divergences of text may be accounted for by the assumption of lost apocryphal books or texts; but it would be wholly impossible, and in fact no one would think of so attempting to account for all.  There can be little doubt that Clement quotes from memory, and none that he quotes at times very freely.

We come next to the so-called Epistle of Barnabas, the quotations in which I proceed to tabulate in the same way:—­

Barnabas.

Exact.     |   Slightly     |    Variant._    | Remarks.
|    Variant._    |                  |
|+2.  Is. 1.11-14. |                  |note for exactness.
|                 |2.  Jer. 7.22,23.  |} combination
|                 |   Zec. 8.17.     |} from memory?
|                 |   Ps. 51.19.     |strange addition.
|3.  Is. 58.4, 5.  |                  |
|   Is. 58.6-10.  |                  |
|                 |4.  Dan. 7.24      |}very
|                 |   Dan. 7.7, 8.   |} divergent.
|                 |   Ex. 34.28.     |}combination
|                 |   Ex. 31.18.     |} from memory?
|4.  Deut. 9.12.   |                  |see below.
|  (Ex. 32.7).    |                  |
|  +Is. 5.21.     |                  |
|+5.  Is. 54.5,7.  |                  |text of Cod.  A.
|     (omissions.)|                  |
5.  Prov. 1.17.    |                 |                  |
Gen. 1.26+.    |                 |                  |
|                 |5.  Zech. 13.7.    |text of A. (Hilg.)
|                 |                  |  Matt. 26.3.
|                 |   Ps. 22.21.     |from memory?
|5.  Ps. 119.120.  |                  |paraphrastic
|                 |   Ps. 22.17.     |  combination
|                 |                  |  from memory?
|   Is. 50. 6,7.  |                  |
|    (omissions.) |                  |ditto.
|                 |6.  Is. 50.8,9.    |ditto.
|6.  Is. 28.16.    |                  |first clause