Dio's Rome, Volume 4 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 411 pages of information about Dio's Rome, Volume 4.

Dio's Rome, Volume 4 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 411 pages of information about Dio's Rome, Volume 4.

When he had really completed the details of administration, the name Augustus was finally applied to him by the senate and by the people.  They wanted to call him by some name of their own, and some proposed this, while others chose that.  Caesar was exceedingly anxious to be called Romulus, but when he perceived that this caused him to be suspected of desiring the kingship, he no longer insisted on it but took the title of Augustus, signifying that he was more than human.  All most precious and sacred objects are termed augusta.  Therefore they saluted him also in Greek as sebastos, meaning an august person, from the verb sebazesthai. [-17-] In this way all the power of the people and that of the senate reverted to Augustus, and from his time there was a genuine monarchy.  Monarchy would be the truest name for it, no matter how much two and three hold the power together.  This name of monarch the Romans so detested that they called their emperors neither dictators nor kings nor anything of the sort.  Yet since the management of the government devolves upon them, it can not but be that they are kings.  The offices that commonly enjoy some legal sanction are even now maintained, except that of censor.  Still, everything is directed and carried out precisely as the emperor at the time may wish.  In order that they may appear to hold this power not through force, but according to law, the rulers have taken possession,—­names and all,—­of every position (save the dictatorship) which under the democracy was of mighty influence among the citizens who bestowed the power.  They very frequently become consuls and are always called proconsuls whenever they are outside the pomerium.  The title of imperator is invariably given not only to such as win victories but to all the rest, to indicate the complete independence of their authority, instead of the name “king” or “dictator.”  These particular names they have never assumed since the terms first fell out of use in the Senate, but they are confirmed in the prerogatives of these positions by the appellation of imperator.  By virtue of the titles mentioned they get the right to make enrollments, to collect moneys, declare wars make peace, rule foreign and native territory alike everywhere and always, even to the extent of putting to death both knights and senators within the pomerium, and all the other privileges once granted to the consuls and other officials with full powers.  By virtue of the office of censor they investigate our lives and characters and take the census.  Some they list in the equestrian and senatorial class and others they erase from the roll, as pleases them.  By virtue of being consecrated in all the priesthoods and furthermore having the right to give the majority of them to others and from the fact that one of the high priests (if there be two or three holding office at once) is chosen from their number, they are themselves also masters of holy and sacred things.  The so-called tribunician

Copyrights
Project Gutenberg
Dio's Rome, Volume 4 from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.