“Let all who have at heart the honour and the peace of the city arise; let the National Guard, repulsing all perfidious instigations, rally round its officers, and prevent evils of which the consequences will be incalculable.  The Government and the Commander-in-Chief (General d’Aurelle de Paladines, nominated on the same day by M. Thiers to the chief command of the National Guard) are determined to do their duty energetically; they will cause the laws to be executed; they count on the patriotism and the devotion of all the inhabitants of Paris.”

It was indeed time to put a stop to the existing state of affairs, for already twenty-six guns were in the possession of the insurgents, who had formed a regular park of artillery in the Place d’Italie, and this is the aspect of the Buttes Montmartre on the sixth of March, as described by an eye-witness:—­

“The heights have become a veritable camp.  Three or four hundred National Guards, belonging partly to the 61st and 168th Battalions, mount guard there day and night, and relieve each other regularly, like old campaigners.  They have two drummers and four trumpeters, who beat the rappel or ring out the charge whenever the freak takes them, without any one knowing why or wherefore.  The officers, with broad red belts, high boots, and their long swords dragging after them, parade the Place with pipes or cigars in their months.  They glance disdainfully at the passers-by, and seem almost overpowered with the importance of the high mission they imagine themselves called upon to fulfil.  “This is of what their mission consists:  at the moment of the entry of the Prussians into Paris, the National Guard of Montmartre, fearing that the artillery would be taken from them to be delivered to the enemy, assembled and dragged their pieces, about twenty in number, up to the plateau which forms the summit of Montmartre, and then placed them in charge of a special guard.  Now that the Prussians have left, they still keep their stronghold, thinking to use it in the defence of the Republic against the attacks of the reactionists.  The guns are pointed towards Paris, and guard is kept without a moment’s relaxation.  There are four principal posts, the most important being at the foot of the hill, on the Place Saint Pierre.  The guards bivouac in the open air, their muskets piled, ready at hand.  Sentinels are placed at the corner of each street, most of them lads of sixteen or seventeen; but they are thoroughly in earnest, and treat the passers-by roughly enough.

    [Illustration:  SENTINELS AT MONTMARTRE.]

“All the streets which debouche on the Place Saint-Pierre are closed by barricades of paving-stones.  The most important was formed of an overturned cart, filled with huge stones, and with a red flag reared upon the summit.  A death-like silence reigned around.  There were but few passers-by, none but National Guards with their guns on their shoulders.”

The appearance of the Boulevard de Clichy and Boulevard Rochechouart is completely different.  The cafes are overflowing with people, the concert-rooms open.  Men and women pass tranquilly to and fro, without disturbing themselves about the cannon that are pointed towards them.