[Sidenote:  Rights of Cives Romani.] The Cives Romani in and out of Rome had the Jus Suffragii and the Jus Honorum, i.e. the right to vote and the right to hold office. [Sidenote:  The Roman Colony.] A Roman Colony was in its organization Rome in miniature, and the people among whom it had been planted as a garrison may either have retained their own political constitution, or have been governed by a magistrate sent from Rome.  They were not Roman citizens except as being residents of a Roman city, but by irregular marriages with Romans the line of demarcation between the two peoples may have grown less clearly defined. [Sidenote:  The Praefectura.] Praefectura was the generic name for Roman colonies and for all Municipia to which prefects were sent annually to administer justice. [Sidenote:  Municipia] Municipia are supposed to have been originally those conquered Italian towns to which Connubium and Commercium, i.e. rights of intermarriage and of trade, were given, but from whom Jus Suffragii and Jus Honorum were withheld.  These privileges, however, were conferred on them before the Social War.  Some were governed by Roman magistrates and some were self-governed.  They voted in the Roman tribes, though probably only at important crises, such as the agitation for an agrarian law.  They were under the jurisdiction of the Praetor Urbanus, but vicarious justice was administered among them by an official called Praefectus juri dicundo, sent yearly from Rome.

[Sidenote:  The Latini.] The Latini had no vote at Rome, no right of holding offices, and were practically Roman subjects.  A Roman who joined a Latin colony ceased to be a Roman citizen.  Whether there was any difference between the internal administration of a Latin colony and an old Latin town is uncertain.  The Latini may have had Commercium and Connubium, or only the former.  They certainly had not Jus Suffragii or Jus Honorum, and they were in subjection to Rome.  A Latin could obtain the Roman franchise, but the mode of doing so at this time is a disputed point.  Livy mentions a law which enabled a Latin to obtain the franchise by migrating to Rome and being enrolled in the census, provided he left children behind him to fill his place.  There is no doubt that either legally or irregularly Latini did migrate to Rome and did so obtain the citizenship, but we know no more.  Others say that the later right by which a Latin obtained the citizenship in virtue of filling a magistracy in his native town existed already.

[Sidenote:  The Socii.] Of the Socii, all or many of them had treaties defining their relations to Rome, and were therefore known as Foederatae Civitates.  They had internal self-government, but were bound to supply Rome with soldiers, ships, and sailors.