R. RUBIGINOSA (syn R. Eglanteria).—­Eglantine, or Sweet Brier.  This species has pink flowers and clammy leaves, which are glandular on the under surface, and give out a fragrant smell by which it may be recognised.

R. RUGOSA (syn R. ferox of Bot.  Reg.), a Japanese species, and its variety R. rugosa alba, are beautiful shrubs that have proved themselves perfectly hardy and well suited for extensive culture in this country.  They are of stiff, shrubby habit, about 4 feet high, and with branches thickly clothed with spines becoming brown with age.  Leaflets oval in shape, deep green, with the upper surface rough to the touch, the under sides densely tomentose.  Flowers single, fully 3 inches in diameter, the petals of good substance, and white or rose-coloured.  The fruit is large, larger than that of perhaps any other rose, and of a bright red when fully ripe.  In so far as beauty of fruit is concerned, this Rose has certainly no rival, and whether for the rockwork or open border it must be classed amongst the most useful and beautiful of hardy shrubs.  R. rugosa is a capital hedge plant, and being a true species it is readily propagated from seed.  R. rugosa Kamtschatika is a deep-red flowered form with deciduous spines.

R. SEMPERVIRENS.—­Evergreen Rose.  South Europe and India, 1529.  A climbing species, with long, slender branches, armed with hooked prickles.  Leaves evergreen, shining, and composed of from five to seven leaflets.  The clustered flowers are white and sweet-scented.

R. SPINOSISSIMA (syn R. pimpinellifolia).—­Burnet, or Scotch Rose.  A small bush about 2 feet high, of neat growth, with small leaves, and pink or white flowers that are solitary at the branch ends.

R. VILLOSA.—­Downy Rose.  Europe (Britain).  This species is of erect bushy growth, with the leaflets softly downy on both sides.  Flowers white or pale pink, succeeded by globular fruits, that are more or less covered with fine hair or prickles.

ROSMARINUS.

ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS.—­Common Rosemary.  Mediterranean region, 1848.  A familiar garden shrub, of dense growth, with dusky-gray green linear leaves, and pale blue or white flowers.  There is a golden and a silver leaved variety, named respectively R. officinalis foliis-aureis, and R. officinalis foliis-argenteis; as also one distinguished by having broader foliage than the species, and named R. officinalis latifolius.

RUBUS.

RUBUS ARCTICUS.—­Arctic Regions of both hemispheres.  An interesting species about 6 inches high, with trifoliolate leaves, and deep-red flowers.  For Alpine gardening it is a valuable species of dwarf growth.

R. AUSTRALIS, from New Zealand, is a very prickly species, with the leaves reduced to their stalks and the midribs of three leaflets.  Not being very hardy it is usually seen as a wall plant.