We have continued to negotiate between Russia and Austria-Hungary through a direct exchange of telegrams between His Majesty the Kaiser and His Majesty the Czar, as well as in conjunction with Sir Edward Grey.  Through the mobilization of Russia all our efforts have been greatly handicapped if they have not become impossible.  In spite of pacifying assurances Russia is taking such far-reaching measures against us that the situation is becoming continually more menacing.

EXHIBIT 20.

I. His Majesty to the Czar.

July 28th, 10.45 p.m.

I have heard with the greatest anxiety of the impression which is caused by the action of Austria-Hungary against Servia.  The inscrupulous agitation which has been going on for years in Servia, has led to the revolting crime of which Archduke Franz Ferdinand has become a victim.  The spirit which made the Servians murder their own King and his consort, still dominates that country.  Doubtless You will agree with me that both of us, You as well as I, and all other sovereigns, have a common interest to insist that all those who are responsible for this horrible murder, shall suffer their deserved punishment.

On the other hand I by no means overlook the difficulty encountered by You and Your Government to stem the tide of public opinion.  In view of the cordial friendship which has joined us both for a long time with firm ties, I shall use my entire influence to induce Austria-Hungary to obtain a frank and satisfactory understanding with Russia.  I hope confidently that You will support me in my efforts to overcome all difficulties which may yet arise.

Your most sincere and devoted friend and cousin

signed:  Wilhelm.

EXHIBIT 21.

II.  The Czar to His Majesty.

Peterhof Palace, July 29th, 1 p.m.

I am glad that You are back in Germany.  In this serious moment I ask You earnestly to help me.  An ignominious war has been declared against a weak country and in Russia the indignation which I fully share is tremendous.  I fear that very soon I shall be unable to resist the pressure exercised upon me and that I shall be forced to take measures which will lead to war.  To prevent a calamity as a European war would be, I urge You in the name of our old friendship to do all in Your power to restrain Your ally from going too far.

signed:  Nicolas.

EXHIBIT 22.

III.  His Majesty to the Czar.

July 29th, 6.30 p.m.

I have received Your telegram and I share Your desire for the conservation of peace.  However:  I cannot—­as I told You in my first telegram—­consider the action of Austria-Hungary as an “ignominious war”.  Austria-Hungary knows from experience that the promises of Servia as long as they are merely on paper are entirely unreliable.