From all the preceding discoveries, it may be concluded, that, as the whole earth is 360 degrees, and the ancient writers allow 17-1/2 leagues for every degree, the entire circuit of the earth would thus be 6300 leagues; but as, in my opinion, each degree is exactly seventeen leagues, the circuit will then be only 6120 leagues.  However this may be, the whole circuit of the globe has been discovered and sailed over, from east to west, even almost as it is encompassed and visited by the sun in its diurnal course.  It is quite otherwise, however, in respect to the northern, and southern parts of the earth.  For, towards the north pole, there has only been discovered hitherto to the latitude of 77 deg. or 78 deg., which make an extent of 1347 leagues; and between the equinoctial and the south pole, there has only been discovered to the latitude of 52 deg. or 53 deg. south, or to the Straits of Magellan; which amounts to no more than 960 leagues.  Now, adding these two together, their sum is just 2257 leagues:  And, deducting this sum from 6300 leagues, there still remains to be discovered, in the north and south, 4043 leagues.

[1] Ferdinand was hereditary king of Arragon; but, by marrying Isabella,
    queen of Castile, had united the several monarchies of Spain, under
    one government.  Ferdinand had no share whatever in the honour of
    sending out Columbus, the sole charge being defrayed by his consort,
    Isabella, hereditary queen of Castile and Leon; and who had even to
    borrow money for the purpose.  The contemptuous notice of one
    Christopher Columbus, must be pardoned to the patriotic rivalry of a
    Portuguese.—­E.

[2] Galvano is here inaccurate:  It will be seen in the sequel, that
    Bartholomew Columbus did not accompany his brother in this voyage,
    being then in England.—­E.

[3] It is certainly possible, that Columbus may have used that mode in his
    course to the Canaries:  But as his run across the Atlantic was nearly
    on a parallel, he must have kept that part of his voyage by what is
    called dead reckoning, or by the log.—­E.

[4] The middle of Guanahana is in lat. 24 deg. 30’ N. The centre of Jamaica in
    18 deg. 10’ N. The latitudes of Galvano are generally inaccurate; and he
    never pretends to assign any longitudes whatever.  The series, likewise,
    in which he arranges the discoveries of Columbus is very inaccurate. 
    —­E.

[5] Cape de Verd is in 14 deg. 30’ N. Deseada in 16 deg. 30’ N. a difference of
    two degrees of latitude.  Dominica, in 15 deg. 30’ is the first land said
    to have been discovered by Columbus in his second voyage, in the
    authentic original narrative by his son, which will be found in the
    sequel.—­E.

[6] Counting from Dominica to the north side of Cuba, between 15 deg. 30’ and
    23 deg. 15’.—­E.