Famine, or be drowned in those great Rivers ....  The Spaniards in this manner seizing on the Inca, and on all the Indian Men and Women, who were in Company with him, amongst which was his Wife, two Sons, and a Daughter, returned with them in Triumph to Cuzco; to which place the Vice-King went, so soon as he was informed of the imprisonment of the poor Prince.”  A mock trial was held.  The captured chiefs were tortured to death with fiendish brutality.  Tupac Amaru’s wife was mangled before his eyes.  His own head was cut off and placed on a pole in the Cuzco Plaza.  His little boys did not long survive.  So perished the last of the Incas, descendants of the wisest Indian rulers America has ever seen.

Brief Summary of the Last Four Incas

1534.  The Inca Manco ascends the throne of his fathers.

1536.  Manco flees from Cuzco to Uiticos and Uilcapampa.

1542.  Promulgation of the “New Laws.”

1545.  Murder of Manco and accession of his son Sayri Tupac. 1555.  Sayri Tupac goes to Cuzco and Yucay.

1560.  Death of Sayri Tupac.  His half brother Titu Cusi becomes Inca.

1566.  Friar Marcos reaches Uiticos.  Settles in Puquiura.

1566.  Friar Diego joins him.

1568-9 (?).  They burn the House of the Sun at Yurac Rumi in Chuquipalpa.

1571.  Titu Cusi dies.  Friar Diego suffers martyrdom.  Tupac Amaru becomes Inca.

1572.  Expedition of General Martin Hurtado and Captain Garcia de Loyola.  Execution of Tupac Amaru.

CHAPTER X

Searching for the Last Inca Capital

The events described in the preceding chapter happened, for the most part, in Uiticos [6] and Uilcapampa, northwest of Ollantaytambo, about one hundred miles away from the Cuzco palace of the Spanish viceroy, in what Prescott calls “the remote fastnesses of the Andes.”  One looks in vain for Uiticos on modern maps of Peru, although several of the older maps give it.  In 1625 “Viticos” is marked on de Laet’s map of Peru as a mountainous province northeast of Lima and three hundred and fifty miles northwest of Vilcabamba!  This error was copied by some later cartographers, including Mercator, until about 1740, when “Viticos” disappeared from all maps of Peru.  The map makers had learned that there was no such place in that vicinity.  Its real location was lost about three hundred years ago.  A map published at Nuremberg in 1599 gives “Pincos” in the “Andes” mountains, a small range west of “Cusco.”  This does not seem to have been adopted by other cartographers; although a Palls map of 1739 gives “Picos” in about the same place.  Nearly all the cartographers of the eighteenth century who give “Viticos” supposed it to be the name of a tribe, e.g., “Los Viticos” or “Les Viticos.”

------
Figure

Part of the Nuremberg Map of 1599, Showing Pincos and the Andes Mountains ------