Enlargements.—­Lands adjoining the village may be annexed to it, at the wish and with the consent of the voters of the territory and of the village.  The will of the voters aforesaid is expressed at an election called, after due notice, by the county commissioners.

Some Pertinent Questions.

Name the incorporated villages in your county.  Any others that you know.  Name some villages, so-called, which are not incorporated.  Why are the petition and other papers of incorporation recorded?

Can a person living in a village build a sidewalk to suit his own fancy?  Why?  Suppose that owing to a defective sidewalk you should break your leg, what responsibility would lie on the village?

How would you get your pay if you had a bill against a village?

The village council has power “to establish and regulate markets.”  Why should the sale of meats be regulated any more than the sale of flour or of clothing?  May the sale of bread be regulated?

What is the difference between a policeman and a constable.

Compare the village and the town, telling wherein they are alike and wherein they are different.

Debate.

Resolved, That for a village of 1000 inhabitants or less it is wise not to become incorporated.

CHAPTER V.

THE CITY.

Need Of.—­A village being one election district has only one polling place.  The community may increase so in numbers as to make it necessary to have several voting places.  For the accommodation of the people, these would naturally be located in different parts of the community; and to prevent fraud, voting precincts would have to be carefully defined.  The council would naturally be made up of representatives from these divisions.

When, under this arrangement, the voters assemble in different parts of the community, they could not listen to financial reports and vote taxes, as they do in the town and the village.  Hence it would be necessary to endow the council with increased powers, including the power to levy taxes without the direct authorization of the people.

The expenses for public improvements, for waterworks, sewers, street-lighting, etc., may take more money than it would be prudent to assess upon the community for immediate payment.  In this case it would be desirable for the community to have the power to issue bonds.

Again, with increase in population there is an increase in the number of disputes over private rights, and temptations to crime become more numerous.  Hence the need of one or more courts having jurisdiction greater than that possessed by justices of the peace.  The conditions necessitate also an increase in the number and the efficiency of the police.  And to render the police efficient it is necessary that they be under the direction of one man, the same one who is responsible for the carrying out of the ordinances of the council, namely, the mayor.