[8] See two interesting papers, “Our Farmers in Chains,” by the Rev. Harry Jones (National Review, April and July, 1890).

[9] Arnold White:  The Problems of a Great City, p. 159.

[10] Marshall’s Principles of Economics, II. ch. iv.  Sec.2.

[11] De Tocqueville, Ancient Regime, ch. xvi.

[12] Report of the Industrial Remuneration Conference, 1886, p. 429.

[13] Cannan’s Elementary Political Economy, part ii.  Sec. 15.

[14] Industrial Remuneration Congress Report, p. 153.  Mr. W. Owen.

[15] Economics of Industry, p. 111.

[16] Principles of Economics, pp. 314, 316.

[17] Kirkup, Inquiry into Socialism, p. 72.

[18] Booth’s Labour and Life of the People, vol. i.  Part.  III. ch. ii. Influx of Population, by H. Llewellyn Smith.  A most valuable paper, from which many of the facts here stated have been drawn.

[19] The official estimate is not precise, since our statistics of emigration refer only to non-European countries.

[20] Labour and Life of the People, vol. i. p. 237.

[21] Labour and Life of East London, vol. i. p. 224.

[22] Report on the Sweating System, p. 14.

[23] Labour and Life of the People, p. 271.

[24] Final Report on the Sweating System, Sec. 68.

[25] Lords’ Committee on the Sweating System; Last Report, p. 184.

[26] Labour and Life in London, vol. i. p. 489.

[27] Howell, Conflicts of Capital and Labour, p. 128.  Second Edition, Macmillan & Co.

[28] Karl Marx, Capital, vol. ii. p. 480.

[29] Labour and Life in East London, vol. i. p. 112.

[30] Cf.  Howell’s Conflicts of Capital and Labour, p. 207.

[31] The State in Relation to Labour, p. 106.

[32] Problems of Greater Britain, vol. ii. p. 314.

[33] Labour and Life of the People, vol. i, p. 167.

[34] The match-box trade, however, is chiefly in the hands of home-workers.

[35] Labour and Life of the People, vol, i p. 427.

[36] Roscher’s Political Economy, Sec. 242.

[37] Fabian Essays in Socialism, p. 48.

[38] Quoted by G. Gunton:  Political Science Quarterly, Sept. 1880.

[39] G. Gunton:  Political Science Quarterly, Sept. 1888.

[40] p. 17.