101.  The continued subsistence of the municipal census-authorities speaks for the view, that the local holding of the census had already been established for Italy in consequence of the Social war (Staatsrecht, ii. 8 368); but probably the carrying out of this system was Caesar’s work.

102.  II.  VII.  Intermediate Fuctionaries, iii.  III.  Autonomy

103.  III.  XI.  Supervision of the Senate Over the Provinces and Their Governors

104.  I. XI.  Character of the Roman Law

105.  IV.  XIII.  Philology

106.  I. XI.  Clients and Foreigners

107.  V. XI.  Usury Laws

108.  V. V. Transpadanes

109.  I. XIV.  Italian Measures ff.

110.  III.  XII.  Coins and Moneys

111.  Weights recently brought to light at Pompeii suggest the hypothesis that at the commencement of the imperial period alongside of the Roman pound the Attic mina (presumably in the ratio of 3:  4) passed current as a second imperial weight (Hermes, xvi. 311).

112.  The gold pieces, which Sulla (iv. 179) and contemporarily Pompeius caused to be struck, both in small quantity, do not invalidate this proposition; for they probably came to be taken solely by weight just like the golden Phillippei which were in circulation even down to Caesar’s time.  They are certainly remarkable, because they anticipate the Caesarian imperial gold just as Sulla’s regency anticipated the new monarchy.

113.  IV.  XI.  Token-Money

114.  It appears, namely, that in earlier times the claims of the state-creditors payable in silver could not be paid against their will in gold according to its legal ratio to silver; whereas it admits of no doubt, that from Caesar’s time the gold piece had to be taken as a valid tender for 100 silver sesterces.  This was just at that time the more important, as in consequence of the great quantities of gold put into circulation by Caesar it stood for a time in the currency of trade 25 per cent below the legal ratio.

115.  There is probably no inscription of the Imperial period, which specifies sums of money otherwise than in Roman coin.

116.  Thus the Attic -drachma-, although sensibly heavier than the -denarius-, was yet reckoned equal to it; the -tetradrachmon- of Antioch, weighing on an average 15 grammes of silver, was made equal to 3 Roman -denarii-, which only weigh about 12 grammes; the -cistophorus- of Asia Minor was according to the value of silver above 3, according to the legal tariff =2 1/2 -denarii-; the Rhodian half -drachma- according to the value of silver=3/4, according to the legal tariff = 5/8 of a -denarius-, and so on.

117.  III.  III.  Illyrian Piracy

118.  The identity of this edict drawn up perhaps by Marcus Flavius (Macrob.  Sat. i. 14, 2) and the alleged treatise of Caesar, De Stellis, is shown by the joke of Cicero (Plutarch, Caes. 59) that now the Lyre rises according to edict.