4.  IV.  VII.  Combats with the Marsians

5.  IV.  VII.  Sulpicius Rufus

6.  IV.  VII.  Bestowal of Latin Rights on the Italian Celts

7.  IV.  V. In Illyria

8.  IV.  Vi.  Discussions on the Livian Laws

9.  IV.  VII.  Energetic Decrees

10.  Lucius Valerius Flaccus, whom the Fasti name as consul in 668, was not the consul of 654, but a younger man of the same name, perhaps son of the preceding.  For, first, the law which prohibited re-election to the consulship remained legally in full force from c. 603 (IV.  II.  Attempts at Reform) to 673, and it is not probable that what was done in the case of Scipio Aemilianus and Marius was done also for Flaccus.  Secondly, there is no mention anywhere, when either Flaccus is named, of a double consulship, not even where it was necessary as in Cic. pro Flacc. 32, 77.  Thirdly, the Lucius Valerius Flaccus who was active in Rome in 669 as -princeps senatus- and consequently of consular rank (Liv. 83), cannot have been the consul of 668, for the latter had already at that time departed for Asia and was probably already dead.  The consul of 654, censor in 657, is the person whom Cicero (ad Att. viii. 3, 6) mentions among the consulars present in Rome in 667; he was in 669 beyond doubt the oldest of the old censors living and thus fitted to be -princeps senatus-; he was also the -interrex- and the -magister equitum- of 672.  On the other hand, the consul of 668, who Perished at Nicomedia (p. 47), was the father of the Lucius Flaccus defended by Cicero (pro Flacc. 25, 61, comp. 23, 55. 32, 77).

11.  IV.  Vi.  The Equestrian Party

12.  IV.  VII.  Sulla Embarks for Asia

13.  We can only suppose this to be the Brutus referred to, since Marcus Brutus the father of the so-called Liberator was tribune of the people in 671, and therefore could not command in the field.

14.  IV.  IV.  Prosecutions of the Democrats

15.  It is stated, that Sulla occupied the defile by which alone Praeneste was accessible (App. i. 90); and the further events showed that the road to Rome was open to him as well as to the relieving army.  Beyond doubt Sulla posted himself on the cross road which turns off from the Via Latina, along which the Samnites advanced, at Valmontone towards Palestrina; in this case Sulla communicated with the capital by the Praenestine, and the enemy by the Latin or Labican, road.

16.  Hardly any other name can well be concealed under the corrupt reading in Liv. 89 -miam in Samnio-; comp.  Strabo, v. 3, 10.

17.  IV.  IX.  Pompeius

18.  IV.  VIII.  New Difficulties

Chapter X

1.  III.  XI.  Abolition of the Dictatorship

2. -Satius est uti regibus quam uti malis legibus- (Ad Herenn. ii. 36).

3.  II.  I. The Dictator, ii.  II.  The Valerio-Horatian Laws, ii.  III.  Limitation of the Dictatorship