Poliorcetes, and now threatened the Tarentines from
the Adriatic as well as from the Ionian sea.
The cession of the island to king Pyrrhus of Epirus
in 459 certainly removed to a great extent the apprehensions
which they had cherished; but the affairs of Corcyra
continued to occupy the Tarentines—in the
year 464, for instance, they helped to protect Pyrrhus
in possession of the island against Demetrius—and
in like manner Agathocles did not cease to give the
Tarentines uneasiness by his Italian policy.
When he died (465) and with him the power of the Syracusans
in Italy went to wreck, it was too late; Samnium,
weary of the thirty-seven years’ struggle, had
concluded peace in the previous year (464) with the
Roman consul Manius Curius Dentatus, and had in form
renewed its league with Rome. On this occasion,
as in the peace of 450, no disgraceful or destructive
conditions were imposed on the brave people by the
Romans; no cessions even of territory seem to have
taken place. The political sagacity of Rome preferred
to follow the path which it had hitherto pursued,
and to attach in the first place the Campanian and
Adriatic coast more and more securely to Rome before
proceeding to the direct conquest of the interior.
Campania, indeed, had been long in subjection; but
the far-seeing policy of Rome found it needful, in
order to secure the Campanian coast, to establish two
coast-fortresses there, Minturnae and Sinuessa (459),
the new burgesses of which were admitted according
to the settled rule in the case of maritime colonies
to the full citizenship of Rome. With still greater
energy the extension of the Roman rule was prosecuted
in central Italy. As the subjugation of the
Aequi and Hernici was the immediate sequel of the
first Samnite war, so that of the Sabines followed
on the end of the second. The same general,
who ultimately subdued the Samnites, Manius Curius
broke down in the same year (464) the brief and feeble
resistance of the Sabines and forced them to unconditional
surrender. A great portion of the subjugated
territory was immediately taken into possession of
the victors and distributed to Roman burgesses, and
Roman subject-rights (-civitas sine suffragio-) were
imposed on the communities that were left—Cures,
Reate, Amiternum, Nursia. Allied towns with
equal rights were not established here; on the contrary
the country came under the immediate rule of Rome,
which thus extended as far as the Apennines and the
Umbrian mountains. Nor was it even now restricted
to the territory on Rome’s side of the mountains;
the last war had shown but too clearly that the Roman
rule over central Italy was only secured, if it reached
from sea to sea. The establishment of the Romans
beyond the Apennines begins with the laying out of
the strong fortress of Atria (Atri) in the year 465,
on the northern slope of the Abruzzi towards the Picenian
plain, not immediately on the coast and hence with
Latin rights, but still near to the sea, and the keystone