3.  A French statist, Dureau de la Malle (-Econ.  Pol. des Romains-, ii. 226), compares with the Roman Campagna the district of Limagne in Auvergne, which is likewise a wide, much intersected, and uneven plain, with a superficial soil of decomposed lava and ashes—­the remains of extinct volcanoes.  The population, at least 2500 to the square league, is one of the densest to be found in purely agricultural districts:  property is subdivided to an extraordinary extent.  Tillage is carried on almost entirely by manual labour, with spade, hoe, or mattock; only in exceptional cases a light plough is substituted drawn by two cows, the wife of the peasant not unfrequently taking the place of one of them in the yoke.  The team serves at once to furnish milk and to till the land.  They have two harvests in the year, corn and vegetables; there is no fallow.  The average yearly rent for an arpent of arable land is 100 francs.  If instead Of such an arrangement this same land were to be divided among six or seven large landholders, and a system of management by stewards and day labourers were to supersede the husbandry of the small proprietors, in a hundred years the Limagne would doubtless be as waste, forsaken, and miserable as the Campagna di Roma is at the present day.

4.  In Slavonia, where the patriarchal economy is retained up to the present day, the whole family, often to the number of fifty or even a hundred persons, remains together in the same house under the orders of the house-father (Goszpodar) chosen by the whole family for life.  The property of the household, which consists chiefly in cattle, is administered by the house-father; the surplus is distributed according to the family-branches.  Private acquisitions by industry and trade remain separate property.  Instances of quitting the household occur, in the case even of men, e. g. by marrying into a stranger household (Csaplovies, -Slavonien-, i. 106, 179). —­Under such circumstances, which are probably not very widely different from the earliest Roman conditions, the household approximates in character to the community.

5.  The Latin festival is expressly called “armistice” (-indutiae-, Macrob.  Sat. i. 16; —­ekecheipiai—­, Dionys. iv. 49); and a war was not allowed to be begun during its continuance (Macrob. l. c.)

6.  The assertion often made in ancient and modern times, that Alba once ruled over Latium under the forms of a symmachy, nowhere finds on closer investigation sufficient support.  All history begins not with the union, but with the disunion of a nation; and it is very improbable that the problem of the union of Latium, which Rome finally solved after some centuries of conflict, should have been already solved at an earlier period by Alba.  It deserves to be remarked too that Rome never asserted in the capacity of heiress of Alba any claims of sovereignty proper over the Latin communities, but contented herself with an honorary presidency; which no doubt, when it became combined with material power, afforded a handle for her pretensions of hegemony.  Testimonies, strictly so called, can scarcely be adduced on such a question; and least of all do such passages as Festus -v. praetor-, p. 241, and Dionys. iii. 10, suffice to stamp Alba as a Latin Athens.