of note who braved[c] the arms of the commonwealth was Colonel Richard Grace:  he beat up the enemy’s quarters; but was afterwards driven across the Shannon with the loss of eight hundred of his followers.  Colonel Sanchey pursued[d] him to his favourite retreat; his castle of Inchlough surrendered,[e] and Grace capitulated with twelve hundred and fifty men.[1] There still remained a few straggling parties on the mountains and amidst the morasses, under MacHugh, and Byrne, and O’Brian, and Cavanagh:  these, however, were subdued in the course of the winter; the Isle of Inisbouffin received[f] a garrison, and a new force, which appeared in Ulster, under the Lord Iniskilling, obtained,[g] what was chiefly sought, the usual articles of transportation.  The subjugation of Ireland was completed.[2]

[Footnote 1:  On this gallant and honourable officer, who on several subsequent occasions displayed the most devoted attachment to the house of Stuart, see a very interesting article in Mr. Sheffield Grace’s “Memoirs of the Family of Grace,” p. 27.]

[Footnote 2:  Ludlow, i. 341, 344, 347, 352, 354, 357, 359, 360.  Heath, 310, 312, 324, 333, 344.  Journals, April 8, 21, May 18, 25, Aug. 18.]

[Sidenote a:  A.D. 1652.  July 5.] [Sidenote b:  A.D. 1652.  May 18.] [Sidenote c:  A.D. 1652.  July.] [Sidenote d:  A.D. 1652.  June 20.] [Sidenote e:  A.D. 1652.  Aug. 1.] [Sidenote f:  A.D. 1652.  January.] [Sidenote g:  A.D. 1652.  May 18.]

3.  Here, to prevent subsequent interruption, I may be allowed to describe the state of this unhappy country, while it remained under the sway of the commonwealth.

On the death of Ireton, Lambert had been appointed lord deputy; but by means of a female intrigue he was set aside in favour of Fleetwood, who had married Ireton’s widow.[1] To Fleetwood was assigned the command of the forces without a colleague; but in the civil administration were joined with him four other commissioners, Ludlow, Corbett, Jones, and Weaver.  By their instructions they were commanded[a] and authorized to observe, as far as it was possible, the laws of England in the exercise of the government and the administration of justice; to “endeavour the promulgation of the gospel, and the power of true religion, and holiness;” to remove all disaffected or suspected persons from office; to allow no papist or delinquent to hold any place of trust, to practise as barrister or solicitor, or to keep school for

[Footnote 1:  Journals, Jan. 30, June 15, July 9.  Lambert’s wife and Ireton’s widow met in the park.  The first, as her husband was in possession, claimed the precedency, and the latter complained of the grievance to Cromwell, her father, whose patent of lord lieutenant was on the point of expiring.  He refused to have it renewed; and, as there could be no deputy where there was no principal, Lambert’s appointment of deputy was in consequence revoked.  But Mrs. Ireton was not content with