[Footnote 1:  Carte, iv. 626.]

[Footnote 2:  Napier’s Montrose, ii. 528.  Yet on May 5th the king signed an article, stipulating that Montrose should lay down his arms, receiving a full indemnity for all that was past.—­Carte, iv. 630.  This article reached Edinburgh before the execution of Montrose, and was kept secret.  I see not, however, what benefit he could claim from it.  He had not laid down arms in obedience to it; for he had been defeated a week before it was signed.]

[Footnote 3:  Balfour, iv. 24, 25.  Yet on May 15th Charles wrote to Montrose to act according to the article in the last note.—­Ibid.]

[Sidenote a:  A.D. 1650.  March 15.] [Sidenote b:  A.D. 1650.  April 15.] [Sidenote c:  A.D. 1650.  May 12.] [Sidenote d:  A.D. 1650.  May 25.]

to be of injury to the unfortunate victim, whose limbs were already bleaching on the gates of the principal towns in Scotland; but the falsehood so confidently put forth must cover with infamy the prince who could thus, to screen himself from the anger of his enemies, calumniate the most devoted of his followers, one who had so often perilled, and at length forfeited, his life in defence of the throne.

Charles had now no resource but to submit with the best grace to the demands of the Scots.  He signed the treaty,[a] binding himself to take the Scottish covenant and the solemn league and covenant; to disavow and declare null the peace with the Irish, and never to permit the free exercise of the Catholic religion in Ireland, or any other part of his dominions; to acknowledge the authority of all parliaments held since the commencement of the late war; and to govern, in civil matters, by advice of the parliament, in religious, by that of the kirk.[1] These preliminaries being settled,[b] he embarked on board a small squadron furnished by the prince of Orange, and, after a perilous navigation of three weeks, during which he had to contend with the stormy weather, and to elude the pursuit of the parliamentary cruisers, he arrived in safety in the Frith of Cromartie.[c] The king was received with the honours due to his dignity; a court with proper officers was prepared for him at Falkland, and the sum of one hundred thousand pounds Scots, or nine thousand pounds English, was voted for the monthly expense of his household.  But the parliament had previously[d] passed an act banishing from Scotland several of the royal favourites by name, and excluding the “engagers” from the verge of the court, and all employment

[Footnote 1:  Thurloe, i. 147.]

[Sidenote a:  A.D. 1650.  May 13.] [Sidenote b:  A.D. 1650.  June 2.] [Sidenote c:  A.D. 1650.  June 23.] [Sidenote d:  A.D. 1650.  June 4.]

in the state.  After repeated applications, the duke of Buckingham, the Lord Wilmot, and a few English servants, who took the covenant, obtained permission to remain with the king; many of the Scottish exiles embraced the opportunity to withdraw from notice into the western isles, or the more distant parts of the country.[1]