“Laocoon storming from Princelis
Castel is hastning,
And a far of beloing: What fond phantastical
harebraine
Madnesse hath enchaunted your wits, you
townsmen unhappie?
Weene you (blind hodipecks) the Greekish
nauie returned,
Or that their presents want craft? is
subtil Vlissis
So soone forgotten? My life for an
haulf-pennie (Trojans),” etc.
Mr. Abraham Fraunce translates two verses of Heliodorus thus:—
“Now had fyery Phlegon his dayes
reuolution ended,
And his snoring snowt with salt waues
all to bee washed.”
Witty Tom Nash was right enough when he called this kind of stuff, “that drunken, staggering kinde of verse which is all vp hill and downe hill, like the waye betwixt Stamford and Becchfeeld, and goes like a horse plunging through the myre in the deep of winter, now soust up to the saddle, and straight aloft on his tiptoes.” It will be noticed that his prose falls into a kind of tipsy hexameter. The attempt in England at that time failed, but the controversy to which it gave rise was so far useful that it called forth Samuel Daniel’s “Defence of Ryme,” (1603,) one of the noblest pieces of prose in the language. Hall also, in his “Satires,” condemned the heresy in some verses remarkable for their grave beauty and strength.
The revival of the hexameter in modern poetry is due to Johann Heinrich Voss, a man of genius, an admirable metrist, and, Schlegel’s sneer to the contrary notwithstanding, hitherto the best translator of Homer. His “Odyssey,” (1783,) his “Iliad,” (1791,) and his “Luise,” (1795,) were confessedly Goethe’s teachers in this kind of verse. The “Hermann and Dorothea” of the latter (1798) was the first true poem written in modern hexameters. From Germany, Southey imported that and other classic metres into England, and we should be grateful to him, at least, for having given the model for Canning’s “Knifegrinder.” The exotic, however, again refused to take root, and for many years after we have no example of English hexameters. It was universally conceded that the temper of our language was unfriendly to them.
It remained for a man of true poetic genius to make them not only tolerated, but popular. Longfellow’s translation of “The Children of the Lord’s Supper” may have softened prejudice somewhat, but “Evangeline,” (1847,) though incumbered with too many descriptive irrelevancies, was so full of beauty, pathos, and melody, that it made converts by thousands to the hitherto ridiculed measure. More than this, it made Longfellow at once the most popular of contemporary English poets, Clough’s “Bothie”—a poem whose singular merit has hitherto failed of the wide appreciation it deserves—followed not long after; and Kingsley’s “Andromeda” is yet damp from the press.
While we acknowledge that the victory thus won by “Evangeline” is a striking proof of the genius of the author, we confess that we have never been able to overcome the feeling that the new metre is a dangerous and deceitful one. It is too easy to write, and too uniform for true pleasure in reading. Its ease sometimes leads Mr. Longfellow into prose,—as in the verse