[Footnote 5:  Scott, in Ivanhoe.]

[Footnote 6:  We use the word Latin here to express words derived either mediately or immediately from that language.]

[Footnote 7:  The prose of Chaucer (1390) and of Sir Thomas Malory (translating from the French, 1470) is less Latinized than that of Bacon, Browne, Taylor, or Milton.  The glossary to Spenser’s Shepherd’s Calendar (1579) explains words of Teutonic and Romanic root in about equal proportions.  The parallel but independent development of Scotch is not to be forgotten.]

[Footnote 8:  We believe that for the last two centuries the Latin radicals of English have been more familiar and homelike to those who use them than the Teutonic.  Even so accomplished a person as Professor Craik, in his English of Shakspeare, derives head, through the German haupt, from the Latin caput!  We trust that its genealogy is nobler, and that it is of kin with coelum tueri, rather than with the Greek [Greek:  kephalae], if Suidas be right in tracing the origin of that to a word meaning vacuity.  Mr. Craik suggests, also, that quick and wicked may be etymologically identical, because he fancies a relationship between busy and the German boese, though wicked is evidently the participial form of A.S. wacan, (German weichen,) to bend, to yield, meaning one who has given way to temptation, while quick seems as clearly related to wegan, meaning to move, a different word, even if radically the same.  In the London Literary Gazette for Nov. 13, 1858, we find an extract from Miss Millington’s Heraldry in History, Poetry, and Romance, in which, speaking of the motto of the Prince of Wales,—­De par Houmout ich diene,—­she says, “The precise meaning of the former word [Houmout] has not, I think, been ascertained.”  The word is plainly the German Hochmuth, and the whole would read, De par (Aus) Hochmuth ich diene,—­“Out of magnanimity I serve.”  So entirely lost is the Saxon meaning of the word knave, (A.S. cnava, German knabe,) that the name nauvie, assumed by railway-laborers, has been transmogrified into navigator.  We believe that more people could tell why the month of July was so called than could explain the origin of the names for our days of the week, and that it is oftener the Saxon than the French words in Chaucer that puzzle the modern reader.]

[Footnote 9:  De Vulgari Eloquio, Lib.  II. cap. i. ad finem.  We quote this treatise as Dante’s, because the thoughts seem manifestly his; though we believe that in its present form it is an abridgment by some transcriber, who sometimes copies textually, and sometimes substitutes his own language for that of the original.]

[Footnote 10:  Pheidias said of one of his pupils that he had an inspired thumb, because the modelling-clay yielded to its careless sweep a grace of curve which it refused to the utmost pains of others.]