his refusal to resort to retaliatory measures.  I know that great influences were brought to bear upon him, when he invaded Pennsylvania, to induce him to consent to extreme measures.  His answer, however, was, ’No; if I suffer my army to pursue the course recommended, I cannot invoke the blessing of God upon my arms.’  He would not allow his troops to destroy private property or to violate the rights of the citizens.  When the necessities of his army compelled the taking of commissary stores, by his orders his officers paid for them in Confederate money at its then valuation.  No burning homesteads illumined his march, no shivering and helpless children were turned out of their homes to witness their destruction by the torch.  With him all the rules of civilized war, having the higher sanction of God, were strictly observed.  The manly fortitude with which he yielded at Appomattox to three times his numbers showed that he was worthy of the honors and the fame the South had given him.  This is not the first time since the termination of the war I have expressed admiration and friendship for Robert E. Lee.  When I heard that he was about to be prosecuted in a Virginia court for the alleged crime of treason, I wrote to him at once, and with all my heart, that if he believed I could be of any service to him, professionally, I was at his command.  All the ability I possess, increased by more than fifty years of study and experience, would have been cheerfully exerted to have saved him, for in saving him I believe I would have been saving the honor of my country.  I received a characteristic reply in terms of friendship and grateful thanks.  He wrote that he did not think the prosecution would take place.  Hearing, however, some time after, that the prosecution would commence at Richmond, I went at once to that city and saw his legal adviser, Hon. William H. McFarland, one of the ablest men of the bar of Virginia.  Mr. McFarland showed me a copy of a letter from General Lee to General Grant, enclosing an application for a pardon which he desired General Grant to present to the President, but telling him not to present it if any steps had been taken for his prosecution, as he was willing to stand the test.  He wrote that he had understood by the terms of surrender at Appomattox that he and all his officers and men were to be protected.  That letter, I am glad to say, raised General Lee higher in my esteem.  General Grant at once replied, and he showed his reply to me.  He wrote that he had seen the President, and protested against any steps being taken against General Lee, and had informed him that he considered his honor and the honor of the nation pledged to him.  The President became satisfied, and no proceedings were ever taken.  General Grant transmitted to the President the application of General Lee for pardon, indorsed with his most earnest approval.  No pardon was granted.  He did not need it here, and, when he appears before that great tribunal before which