To those who fear want.—­Are you not ashamed at being more cowardly and more mean than fugitive slaves?  How do they when they run away leave their masters? on what estates do they depend, and what domestics do they rely on?  Do they not after stealing a little, which is enough for the first days, then afterwards move on through land or through sea, contriving one method after another for maintaining their lives?  And what fugitive slave ever died of hunger?  But you are afraid lest necessary things should fail you, and are sleepless by night.  Wretch, are you so blind, and don’t you see the road to which the want of necessaries leads?—­Well, where does it lead?—­to the same place to which a fever leads, or a stone that falls on you, to death.  Have you not often said this yourself to your companions? have you not read much of this kind, and written much? and how often have you boasted that you were easy as to death?

Learn then first what are the things which are shameful, and then tell us that you are a philosopher:  but at present do not, even if any other man calls you so, allow it.

Is that shameful to you which is not your own act, that of which you are not the cause, that which has come to you by accident, as a headache, as a fever?  If your parents were poor, and left their property to others, and if while they live, they do not help you at all, is this shameful to you?  Is this what you learned with the philosophers?  Did you never hear that the thing which is shameful ought to be blamed, and that which is blamable is worthy of blame?  Whom do you blame for an act which is not his own, which he did not do himself?  Did you then make your father such as he is, or is it in your power to improve him?  Is this power given to you?  Well then, ought you to wish the things which are not given to you, or to be ashamed if you do not obtain them?  And have you also been accustomed while you were studying philosophy to look to others and to hope for nothing from yourself?  Lament then and groan and eat with fear that you may not have food to-morrow.  Tremble about your poor slaves lest they steal, lest they run away, lest they die.  So live, and continue to live, you who in name only have approached philosophy, and have disgraced its theorems as far as you can by showing them to be useless and unprofitable to those who take them up; you, who have never sought constancy, freedom from perturbation, and from passions; you who have not sought any person for the sake of this object, but many for the sake of syllogisms; you who have never thoroughly examined any of these appearances by yourself, Am I able to bear, or am I not able to bear?  What remains for me to do?  But as if all your affairs were well and secure, you have been resting on the third topic, that of things being unchanged, in order that you may possess unchanged—­what? cowardice, mean spirit, the admiration of the rich, desire without attaining any end, and avoidance ([Greek:  echchlisin]) which fails in the attempt?  About security in these things you have been anxious.