a statement of the fundamental points of the Theory.
In 1875, the Theory having advanced to a stage where
extensive arithmetical computation was required, he
obtained a small grant from the Government in aid
of the expense of the work, and other grants were
made in subsequent years. By 1878 the calculations
were so far advanced that an opinion could be formed
as to the probable accuracy of the Theory, and the
following remark is made: “A cursory collation
of the terms relating to the Areas (in the Ecliptic)
led me to suppose that there might be some error in
the computations of the Annual Equation and related
terms;” but no error could be discovered and
the work proceeded. The complex character of
the Theory, and the extreme care required in the mathematical
processes, are well illustrated by the following statement,
which occurs in the Report of 1879, “An important
error in the theoretical formulae for Variations of
Radius Vector, Longitude, and Latitude, was discovered;
some calculations depending on them are cancelled.”
In 1880 and 1881 the work was continued, but was
“sadly interrupted by the pressure of the Transit
of Venus work and other business.” After
his resignation of the Office of Astronomer Royal
he had no further public assistance, and did much
of the computations himself, but a sum of L100
was contributed by Mr De La Rue in furtherance of
the work, and this sum was spent on computers.
In his retirement the work made good progress, and
on Dec. 31st, 1882, he made the following note:
“I finished and put in general order the final
tables of Equations of Variations. This is a
definite point in the Lunar Theory.... I hope
shortly to take up severely the numerical operations
of the Lunar Theory from the very beginning.”
The work was continued steadily through 1883, and on
Mar. 24th, 1884, he made application through the Board
of Visitors to the Admiralty to print the work:
after the usual enquiries as to the expense this was
acceded to, and copy was sent to the printers as soon
as it was ready. The first printed proofs were
received on Feb. 5th, 1885, and the whole book was
printed by the end of 1886. From the frequent
references in his journal to errors discovered and
corrected during the progress of these calculations,
it would seem likely that his powers were not what
they had been, and that there was a probability that
some important errors might escape correction.
He was far too honest to blind himself to this possibility,
and in the Preface to his Numerical Lunar Theory he
says thus: “I have explained above that
the principle of operations was, to arrange the fundamental
mechanical equations in a form suited for the investigations
of Lunar Theory; to substitute in the terms of these
equations the numerical values furnished by Delaunay’s
great work; and to examine whether the equations are
thereby satisfied. With painful alarm, I find
that they are not satisfied; and that the discordance,
or failure of satisfying the equations, is large.