of Bangweolo and its neighborhood was largely based upon native information.  He knew that his map was inadequate, and as soon as he was able to travel he returned to Bangweolo to complete his survey.  He was making straight for the true outlet of the lake, and was within thirty-five miles of it when one morning his servants found him in his lowly straw hut, dead on his knees.  If Livingstone had lived a few weeks longer and been able to travel, he and not Giraud would have given us the true map of Bangweolo.

As a whole, Livingstone’s work in geography, anthropology, and natural history, stands the test of time.  No river in Africa has yet been laid down with greater accuracy than the Zambesi as delineated by this explorer.

The success of Livingstone was both brilliant and unsullied.  The apostle and the pioneer of Africa, he went on his way without fear, without egotism, without desire of reward.  He proved that the white man may travel safely through many years in Africa.  He observed richness of soil and abundance of natural products, the guarantees of commerce.  He foretold the truth that the African tribes would be brought into the community of nations.  The logical result of the work he began and carried so far was the downfall of the African slave-trade, which he denounced as “the open sore of the world.”  What eulogy is too great for such a work and such a man?

In 1898, twenty-one journeys had been made by explorers from sea to sea.  Livingstone completed the first journey, from Loanda to the mouth of the Zambesi, in one year, seven months, and twenty-two days.  Nineteen years elapsed before Central Africa was crossed again, when Cameron gave two years and nearly eight months to the journey.  It took Stanley two years and eight months to cross Africa, when he solved the great mystery, the course of the Congo; and when he went to the relief of Emin Pasha, in 1887, he was almost exactly the same time on the road.  When Trivier crossed from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean, in 1888-89, in nine days less than a year, the event was held as a remarkably rapid performance.  A little later the journey was made by several travellers in from twelve to fifteen months.  In 1898, the Englishman, Mr. Lloyd, crossed from Lake Victoria to the mouth of the Congo in three months, about thirteen hundred miles of the journey being by Congo steamboat and railroad.  In 1902, the journey from the Indian Ocean to Lake Victoria is made by rail in two and one-half days,—­a journey that occupied Speke for nine, and Stanley for eight months.  With the present facilities, the continent may be crossed by way of the lake region and the Congo in about three months.  The era of long and weary foot-marches has nearly ended; now succeeds travel by steam.