So the Two Brothers, and Mark along with them, proceeded on their way, and journeying on, summer and winter, came at length to the Great Kaan, who was then at a certain rich and great city, called KEMENFU.[NOTE 1] As to what they met with on the road, whether in going or coming, we shall give no particulars at present, because we are going to tell you all those details in regular order in the after part of this Book.  Their journey back to the Kaan occupied a good three years and a half, owing to the bad weather and severe cold that they encountered.  And let me tell you in good sooth that when the Great Kaan heard that Messers Nicolo and Maffeo Polo were on their way back, he sent people a journey of full 40 days to meet them; and on this journey, as on their former one, they were honourably entertained upon the road, and supplied with all that they required.

NOTE 1.—­The French texts read Clemeinfu, Ramusio Clemenfu.  The Pucci MS. guides us to the correct reading, having Chemensu (Kemensu) for Chemenfu.  KAIPINGFU, meaning something like “City of Peace,” and called by Rashiduddin Kaiminfu (whereby we see that Polo as usual adopted the Persian form of the name), was a city founded in 1256, four years before Kublai’s accession, some distance to the north of the Chinese wall.  It became Kublai’s favourite summer residence, and was styled from 1264 Shangtu or “Upper Court.” (See infra, Bk.  I. ch. lxi.) It was known to the Mongols, apparently by a combination of the two names, as Shangdu Keibung.  It appears in D’Anville’s map under the name of Djao-Naiman Sume.  Dr. Bushell, who visited Shangtu in 1872, makes it 1103 li (367 miles) by road distance via Kalgan from Peking.  The busy town of Dolonnur lies 26 miles S.E. of it, and according to Kiepert’s Asia that place is about 180 miles in a direct line north of Peking.

(See Klaproth in J.  As. XI. 365; Gaubil, p. 115; Cathay, p. 260; J.  R. G. S. vol. xiiii.)

CHAPTER XIV.

HOW MESSER NICOLO AND MESSER MAFFEO POLO AND MARCO PRESENTED THEMSELVES BEFORE THE GREAT KAAN.

And what shall I tell you? when the Two Brothers and Mark had arrived at that great city, they went to the Imperial Palace, and there they found the Sovereign attended by a great company of Barons.  So they bent the knee before him, and paid their respects to him, with all possible reverence [prostrating themselves on the ground].  Then the Lord bade them stand up, and treated them with great honour, showing great pleasure at their coming, and asked many questions as to their welfare, and how they had sped.  They replied that they had in verity sped well, seeing that they found the Kaan well and safe.  Then they presented the credentials and letters which they had received from the Pope, which pleased him right well; and after that they produced the Oil from the Sepulchre,