[21] Venezia e le sue Lagune, ii. 52.

[22] Mar.  Sanut. p. 75.

[23] Mar.  Sanut., p. 30.

[24] The Catalan Admiral Roger de Loria, advancing at daybreak to attack
    the Provencal Fleet of Charles of Naples (1283) in the harbour of
    Malta, “did a thing which should be reckoned to him rather as an act
    of madness,” says Muntaner, “than of reason.  He said, ’God forbid that
    I should attack them, all asleep as they are!  Let the trumpets and
    nacaires sound to awaken them, and I will tarry till they be ready for
    action.  No man shall have it to say, if I beat them, that it was by
    catching them asleep.’” (Munt. p. 287.) It is what Nelson might have
    done!

    The Turkish admiral Sidi ’Ali, about to engage a Portuguese squadron
    in the Straits of Hormuz, in 1553, describes the Franks as “dressing
    their vessels with flags and coming on.” (J.  As. ix. 70.)

[25] A cross patee, is one with the extremities broadened out into
    feet as it were.

[26] Page 50.

[27] The galley at p. 49 is somewhat too high; and I believe it should
    have had no shrouds.

[28] See Muntaner, passim, e.g. 271, 286, 315, 349.

[29] Ibid. 346.

VI.  THE JEALOUSIES AND NAVAL WARS OF VENICE AND GENOA.  LAMBA DORIA’S
EXPEDITION TO THE ADRIATIC; BATTLE OF CURZOLA; AND IMPRISONMENT OF MARCO
POLO BY THE GENOESE.

[Sidenote:  Growing jealousies and outbreaks between the Republics.]

31.  Jealousies, too characteristic of the Italian communities, were, in the case of the three great trading republics of Venice, Genoa, and Pisa, aggravated by commercial rivalries, whilst, between the two first of those states, and also between the two last, the bitterness of such feelings had been augmenting during the whole course of the 13th century.[1]

The brilliant part played by Venice in the conquest of Constantinople (1204), and the preponderance she thus acquired on the Greek shores, stimulated her arrogance and the resentment of her rivals.  The three states no longer stood on a level as bidders for the shifting favour of the Emperor of the East.  By treaty, not only was Venice established as the most important ally of the empire and as mistress of a large fraction of its territory, but all members of nations at war with her were prohibited from entering its limits.  Though the Genoese colonies continued to exist, they stood at a great disadvantage, where their rivals were so predominant and enjoyed exemption from duties, to which the Genoese remained subject.  Hence jealousies and resentments reached a climax in the Levantine settlements, and this colonial exacerbation reacted on the mother States.