[54] Alluding, doubtless, to the country from whence the Saxons who
    inhabited England had come of old.—­E.

[55] This is the same nation called Estum in the voyage of Wulfstan, who
    lived east of the mouth of the Wisle or Vistula, along the Baltic, and
    who are mentioned by Tacitus under the name of Estii.  When the
    Hanseatic league existed, they were called Osterlings or Easterlings,
    or Ost-men, and their country Est-land, Ostland, or Eastland, which
    still adheres to the northernmost part of Livonia, now called
    Est-land.—­Forst.

[56] The Burgendas certainly inhabited the island of Born-holm, called from
    them Borgenda-holm, or island of the Borgendas, gradually corrupted to
    Borgend-holm, Bergen-holm, Born-holm.  In the voyage of Wulfstan they
    are plainly described as occupying this situation.—­Forst.

[57] Called formerly AEfelden, a nation who lived on the Havel, and were,
    therefore, named Hevelli or Haeveldi, and were a Wendick or Vandal
    tribe.—­Forst.

[58] These are the Sviones of Tacitus.  Jornandes calls them Swethans, and
    they are certainly the ancestors of the Swedes.—­Forst.

[59] This short passage in the original Anglo-Saxon is entirely omitted by
    Barrington.  Though Forster has inserted these Surfe in his map,
    somewhere about the duchy of Magdeburg, he gives no explanation or
    illustration of them in his numerous and learned notes on our royal
    geographer.—­E.

[60] Already explained to be Finland on the White sea.—­E.

[61] This is the same nation with the Finnas or Laplanders, mentioned in
    the voyage of Ohthere, so named because using scriden,
    schreiten, or snowshoes.  The Finnas or Laplanders were distinguished
    by the geographer of Ravenna into Scerde-fenos, and Rede-fenos, the
    Scride-finnas, and Ter-finnas of Alfred.  So late as 1556, Richard
    Johnson, Hakluyt, ed. 1809.  I. 316. mentions the Scrick-finnes as a
    wild people near Wardhus.—­E.

[62] The North-men or Normans, are the Norwegians or inhabitants of
    Nor-land, Nord-land, or North-mana-land.—­E.

[63] At this place Alfred introduces the voyages of Ohthere and Wulfstan,
    already given separately, in Sect. ii. and iii, of this chapter.—­E.

[64] Either the original or the translation is here erroneous; it ought to
    run thus:  “The Propontis is westward of Constantinople; to the
    north-east of that city, the arm of the sea issues from the Euxine,
    and flows south-west; to the north the mouths of the
    Danube empty themselves into the north-west parts of the
    Euxine.”—­E.

[65] Carinthia.  The desert has been formerly mentioned as occasioned by the
    almost utter extirpation of the Avari by Charlemain, and was
    afterwards occupied by the Madschiari or Magiars, the ancestors of the
    present Hungarians.—­Forst.