Hence we ascend the Lollard’s [Footnote:  The name Lollard was used as a term of reproach for the followers of Wyclif.  Formerly derived from Peter Lollard, a Waldensian pastor of the thirteenth century, more recently from the Middle Dutch “lollen,” to hum.] Tower, built by Chicheley—­the lower story of which is now given up by the Archbishop for the use of Bishops who have no fixt residence in London.  The winding staircase, of rude slabs of unplaned oak, on which the bark in many cases remains, is of Chicheley’s time.  In a room at the top is a trap-door, through which as the tide rose prisoners, secretly condemned, could be let down unseen into the river.  Hard by is the famous Lollard’s Prison (13 feet long, 12 broad, 8 high), boarded all over walls, ceiling, and floor.  The rough-hewn boards bear many fragments of inscriptions which show that others besides Lollards were immured here.  Some of them, especially his motto “Nosce te ipsum,” are attributed to Cranmer.  The most legible inscription is “IHS cyppe me out of all al compane.  Amen.”  Other boards bear the notches cut by prisoners to mark the lapse of time.  The eight rings remain to which the prisoners were secured:  one feels that his companions must have envied the one by the window.  Above some of the rings the boards are burned with the hot-iron used in torture.  The door has a wooden lock, and is fastened by the wooden pegs which preceded the use of nails; it is a relic of Archbishop Sudbury’s palace facing the river, which was pulled down by Chicheley.  From the roof of the chapel there is a noble view up the river, with the quaint tourelle of the Lollard’s Tower in the foreground.

The gardens of Lambeth are vast and delightful.  Their terrace is called “Clarendon’s Walk” from a conference which there took place between Laud and the Earl of Clarendon.  The “summer-house of exquisite workmanship,” built by Cranmer, has disappeared.  A picturesque view may be obtained of Cranmer’s Tower, with the Chapel and the Lollard’s Tower behind it.

DICKENS’S Limehouse hole [Footnote A:  From “A Pickwickian Pilgrimage.”  The persons mentioned in Mr. Hassard’s account of Limehouse Hole will be recognized as characters in the novels of Charles Dickens.  By arrangement with, and by permission of, the publishers, Houghton, Mifflin Co.  Copyright, 1881.]

BY JOHN R.G.  HASSARD

I took a steamboat one day at Westminster Bridge, and after a voyage of 40 minutes or so landed near Limehouse Hole, and followed the river streets both east and west.  It was easy enough to trace the course of Mortimer Lightwood and Eugene Wrayburn, as they walked under the guidance of Riderhood through the stormy night from their rooms in The Temple, four miles away, past the Tower and the London Docks, and down by the slippery water’s edge to Limehouse Hole, when they went to cause Gaffer Hexam’s arrest, and found him drowned, tied to his own boat.