of learning. In any case, but for Ellwood, we
should never have known the softer side of Milton’s
character, never have known of what gentleness, patience,
and courtesy he was capable. And, indeed, when
we remember Milton’s position at this time,
as tragical as that of Demosthenes after Chaeronea,
and of Dante at the Court of Verona, there is something
inexpressibly touching in the picture here given with
so much simplicity and with such evident unconsciousness
on the part of the painter of the effect produced.
There is one passage which is quite delicious, and
yet its point may be, as it commonly is, easily missed.
It illustrates the density of Ellwood’s stupidity,
and the delicate irony of the sadly courteous poet.
Milton had lent him, it will be seen, the manuscript
of Paradise Lost; and on Ellwood returning
it to him, ’he asked me how I liked it, and what
I thought of it, which I modestly but freely told
him, and after some further discourse about it I pleasantly
said to him, “Thou has said much here of Paradise
Lost, but what has thou to say of Paradise Found?"’
Now the whole point and scope of Paradise Lost is
Paradise Found—the redemption—the
substitution of a spiritual Eden within man for a
physical Eden without man, a point emphasised in the
invocation, and elaborately worked out in the closing
vision from the Specular Mount. It is easy to
understand the significance of what follows: ’He
made me no answer, but sat sometime in a muse; then
broke off that discourse, and fell upon another subject.’
The result no doubt of that ‘muse’ was
the suspicion, or, perhaps, the conviction, that the
rest of the world would, in all probability, be as
obtuse as Ellwood; and to that suspicion or conviction
we appear to owe Paradise Regained. The
Plague over, Milton returned to London, settling in
Artillery Walk, Bunhill Fields. ’And when
afterwards I went to wait on him there ... he shewed
me his second poem, called Paradise Regained,
and in a pleasant tone said to me, “This is
owing to you, for you put it into my head by the question
you put to me at Chalfont, which before I had not
thought of."’ In ‘the pleasant tone’
more, and much more, is implied, of that we may be
very sure, than meets the ear. We should like
to have seen the expression on Milton’s face
both on this occasion and also when, on Dryden requesting
his permission to turn Paradise Lost into an
opera, he replied; ’Oh, certainly, you may tug
my verses if you please, Mr. Dryden.’ It
may be added that Paradise Lost was not published
till 1667, and Paradise Regained did not see
the light till 1671. Ellwood seems to imply that
Paradise Regained was composed between the
end of August or the beginning of September 1665,
and the end of the autumn of the same year, which is,
of course, incredible and quite at variance with what
Phillips tells us. Ellwood is, no doubt, expressing
himself loosely, and his ‘afterwards’ need
not necessarily relate to his first, or to his second,
or even to his third visit to Milton after the poet’s
return to Artillery Walk, but refers vaguely to one
of those ‘occasions which drew him to London.’
When he last saw Milton we have no means of knowing.
He never refers to him again. His autobiography
closes with the year 1683.