“By the submersion marks,” replied Thorndyke.  “It was lying on the bottom of the pond in a position which would have been impossible if it had been attached to the arm.”

“You interest me exceedingly,” said Mr. Jellicoe.  “It appears that a medico-legal expert finds ’books in the running brooks, sermons in bones, and evidence in everything.’  But don’t let me interrupt you.”

“Doctor Berkeley’s observations,” Thorndyke resumed, “together with the medical evidence at the inquest, led me to certain conclusions.

“Let me first state the facts which were disclosed.

“The remains which had been assembled formed a complete human skeleton with the exception of the skull, one finger, and the legs from knee to ankle, including both knee-caps.  This was a very impressive fact; for the bones that were missing included all those which could have been identified as belonging or not belonging to John Bellingham; and the bones that were present were the unidentifiable remainder.

“It had a suspicious appearance of selection.

“But the parts that were present were also curiously suggestive.  In all cases the mode of dismemberment was peculiar; for an ordinary person would have divided the knee-joint leaving the knee-cap attached to the thigh, whereas it had evidently been left attached to the shin-bone; and the head would most probably have been removed by cutting through the neck instead of being neatly detached from the spine.  And all these bones were also entirely free from marks or scratches such as would naturally occur in an ordinary dismemberment, and all were quite free from adipocere.  And now as to the conclusions which I drew from these facts.  First, there was the peculiar grouping of the bones.  What was the meaning of that?  Well, the idea of a punctilious anatomist was obviously absurd, and I put it aside.  But was there any other explanation?  Yes, there was.  The bones had appeared in the natural groups that are held together by ligaments; and they had separated at points where they were attached principally by muscles.  The knee-cap, for instance, which really belongs to the thigh, is attached to it by muscle, but to the shin-bone by a stout ligament.  And so with the bones of the arm; they are connected to one another by ligaments; but to the trunk only by muscle, excepting at one end of the collar-bone.

“But this was a very significant fact.  Ligament decays much more slowly than muscle, so that in a body of which the muscles had largely decayed the bones might still be held together by ligament.  The peculiar grouping therefore suggested that the body had been partly reduced to a skeleton before it was dismembered; that it had then been merely pulled apart and not divided with a knife.

“This suggestion was remarkably confirmed by the total absence of knife-cuts or scratches.