furnished a numerous and sympathetic congregation.
At one time a body of some sixty, who had met for
worship at night in a neighbouring wood, were marched
off to gaol, with their minister at their head.
But while all about him was in confusion, his spirit
maintained its even calm, and he could at once speak
the words of strength and comfort that were needed.
In the midst of the hurry which so many “newcomers
occasioned,” writes the friend to whom we are
indebted for the details of his prison life, “I
have heard Mr. Bunyan both preach and pray with that
mighty spirit of faith and plerophory of Divine assistance
that has made me stand and wonder.” These
sermons addressed to his fellow prisoners supplied,
in many cases, the first outlines of the books which,
in rapid succession, flowed from his pen during the
earlier years of his imprisonment, relieving the otherwise
insupportable tedium of his close confinement.
Bunyan himself tells us that this was the case with
regard to his “Holy City,” the first idea
of which was borne in upon his mind when addressing
“his brethren in the prison chamber,” nor
can we doubt that the case was the same with other
works of his. To these we shall hereafter return.
Nor was it his fellow prisoners only who profited by
his counsels. In his “Life and Death of
Mr. Badman,” he gives us a story of a woman who
came to him when he was in prison, to confess how she
had robbed her master, and to ask his help.
Hers was probably a representative case. The
time spared from his handicraft, and not employed in
religious counsel and exhortation, was given to study
and composition. For this his confinement secured
him the leisure which otherwise he would have looked
for in vain. The few books he possessed he studied
indefatigably. His library was, at least at one
period, a very limited one,—“the least
and the best library,” writes a friend who visited
him in prison, “that I ever saw, consisting
only of two books—the Bible, and Foxe’s
’Book of Martyrs.’” “But
with these two books,” writes Mr. Froude, “he
had no cause to complain of intellectual destitution.”
Bunyan’s mode of composition, though certainly
exceedingly rapid,—thoughts succeeding one
another with a quickness akin to inspiration,—was
anything but careless. The “limae labor”
with him was unsparing. It was, he tells us,
“first with doing, and then with undoing, and
after that with doing again,” that his books
were brought to completion, and became what they are,
a mine of Evangelical Calvinism of the richest ore,
entirely free from the narrow dogmatism and harsh
predestinarianism of the great Genevan divine; books
which for clearness of thought, lucidity of arrangement,
felicity of language, rich even if sometimes homely
force of illustration, and earnestness of piety have
never been surpassed.