of India and the Imperial Government have done a double wrong to India, and if we are a nation of self-respecting people conscious of its dignity, conscious of its right, it is not just and proper that we should stand the double humiliation that the Government has heaped upon us.  By shaping and by becoming a predominant partner in the peace terms imposed on the helpless Sultan of Turkey, the Imperial Government have intentionally flouted the cherished sentiment of the Mussalman subjects of the Empire.  The present Prime Minister gave a deliberate pledge after consultation with his colleagues when it was necessary for him to conciliate the Mussalmans of India.  I claim to have studied this Khilafat question in a special manner.  I claim to understand the Mussalman feeling on the Khilafat question and I am here to declare for the tenth time that on the Khilafat matter the Government has wounded the Mussalman sentiment as they had never done before.  And I say without fear of contradiction that if the Mussalmans of India had not exercised great self-restraint and if there was not the gospel of non-co-operation preached to them and if they had not accepted it, there would have been bloodshed in India by this time.  I am free to confess that spilling of blood would not have availed their cause.  But a man who is in a state of rage whose heart has become lacerated does not count the cost of his action.  So much for the Khilafat wrong.

I propose to take you for a minute to the Punjab, the northern end of India.  And what have both Governments done for the Punjab?  I am free to confess again that the crowds in Amritsar went mad for a moment.  They were goaded to madness by a wicked administration.  But no madness on the part of a people can justify the shedding of innocent blood, and what have they paid for it?  I venture to submit that no civilised Government could ever have made the people pay the penalty and retribution that they have paid.  Innocent men were tried through mock-tribunals and imprisoned for life.  Amnesty granted to them after; I count of no consequence.  Innocent, unarmed men, who knew nothing of what was to happen, were butchered in cold blood without the slightest notice.  Modesty of women in Manianwalla, women who had done no wrong to any individual, was outraged by insolent officers.  I want you to understand what I mean by outrage of their modesty.  Their veils were opened with his stick by an officer.  Men who were declared to be utterly innocent by the Hunter Committee were made to crawl on their bellies.  And all these wrongs totally undeserved remain unavenged.  If it was the duty of the Government of India to punish those who were guilty of incendiarism and murder, as I hold it was their duty, it was doubly their duty to punish officers who insulted and oppressed innocent people.  But in the face of these official wrongs we have the debate in the house of lords supporting official terrorism, it is this double wrong, the affront