they appear abroad, exciting the people, and declaiming against the vices of the times.  His Moorish Majesty then feels himself ill at ease, until they retire to their sanctuaries, and employs all his arts to effect the object, protesting that he will be wholly guided by their councils in the future administration of the Empire.  With this humiliation of the Shereefs, they are satisfied, and kennel themselves into their sanctum-sanctorums.

Zawiat-Muley-Driss, which means, retirement of our master, Lord Edris (Enoch) and sometimes called Muley Edris, is a far famed city of the province of Fez, and placed at the foot of the lofty mountains of Terhoun, about twenty-eight miles from Fez, north-west, amidst a most beautiful country, producing all the necessaries and luxuries of human life.  The site anciently called Tuilet, was perhaps also the Volubilis of the ancients.  Here is a sanctuary dedicated to the memory of Edris, progenitor and founder of the dynasty of Edrisiti.

The population, given by Graeberg, is nine thousand, but this is evidently exaggerated.  Not far off, towards the west, are some magnificent ruins of an ancient city, called Kesar Faraoun, or “Castle of Pharoah.”

Dubdu, called also Doubouton, is an ancient, large city, of the district of Shaous, and once the residence of an independent prince, but now fallen into decay on account of the sterility of its site, which is upon the sides of a barren mountain.  Dubdu is three days’ journey southeast of Fez, and one day from Taza, in the region of the Mulweeah.  Taza is the capital of the well-watered district of Haiaina, and one of the finest cities in Morocco, in a most romantic situation, placed on a rock which is shaped like an island, and in presence of the lofty mountains of Zibel Medghara, to the south-west.  Perhaps it is the Babba of the ancients; a river runs round the town.  The houses and streets are spacious, and there is a large mosque.  The air is pure, and provisions are excellent.  The population is estimated at ten or twelve thousand, who are hospitable, and carry on a good deal of commerce with Tlemsen and Fez.  Taza is two days from Fez, and four from Oushda.

Oushda is the well-known frontier town, on the north-east, which acquired some celebrity during the late war.  It is enclosed by the walls of its gardens, and is protected by a large fortress.  The place contains a population of from six hundred to one thousand Moors and Arabs.  There is a mosque, as well as three chapels, dedicated to Santous.  The houses, built of clay, are low and of a wretched appearance; the streets are winding, and covered with flints.  The fortress, where the Kaed resides, is guarded in ordinary times by a dozen soldiers; but, were this force increased, it could not be defended, in consequence of its dilapidated condition.  A spring of excellent water, at a little distance from Oushda, keeps up the whole year round freshness and verdure in the gardens, by means of irrigation.  Cattle hereabouts is of fine quality.  Oushda is a species of oasis of the Desert of Angad, and the aridity of the surrounding country makes these gardens appear delicious, melons, olives, and figs being produced in abundance.